我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 12:03

本文关键词：我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位研究　出处：《河南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪80年代掀起的改革开放浪潮使中国社会发生了翻天覆地的变化，，我们确立了以经济建设为中心，建立社会主义市场经济的新的发展路径。处在全面转型时期的中国社会，已经从一个农业大国转变为城市人口占总人口一半以上的现代化国家。现代城市的迅猛发展使计划经济时期政府包办社会的管理体制弊端凸显，全能型政府很大程度上阻碍了社会自治功能的发挥。因此，政府在城市社区治理中角色的合理定位就成为了推动基层民主政治进步，实现社区自治的关键因素，具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文把政府在城市社区治理中的角色定位作为研究的主题。单位制的解体使大量从前由单位履行的管理职能外溢给社会，而社会对我国城市社区治理中长期实行的自上而下的单一行政管理模式早已产生过度依赖，并不具备立即承担起社会自治职能的能力。另一方面，现代城市的开放性、多样性和复杂性都要求治理者以宽阔的视野、科学的方式和完善的系统进行城市社区治理，这就需要政府在职能改革中对自身角色进行科学合理的定位。本文以治理与善治理论、新公共管理理论、新公共服务理论为依据，运用系统分析方法和比较分析方法，把我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位的变迁作为切入点，在系统分析我国政府在城市社区治理中角色定位存在问题的基础上，提出了具有一定建设性和可操作性的思路和见解。论文主要分为五个部分进行写作，第一部分介绍了论文的选题背景和研究意义，指出了在我国社会改革的大背景下，进行政府角色科学定位的重要意义，以及论文可能存在的创新点。第二部分对文章涉及的社区、城市社区治理、政府角色各自的基本概念做了归纳整理，同时详细说明了治理与善治理论、新公共管理理论和新公共服务理论在城市社区治理中的应用，以此为基础展开下面的论述。第三部分以历史的眼光对我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位的变迁做了全面梳理，从街道办事处和居民委员会的出现与发展演变，到城市社区体制兴起完善，都做了比较详细的论述。第四部分通过对街居体制和社区体制发展历程的总结，重点找出了我国城市社区治理中政府角色定位存在的主导性过强、越位与缺位、对促进社区参与的措施不到位、与社区治理主体之间的关系不明晰等问题，并逐一分析了造成以上诸问题的政治、社会和体制方面的原因。第五部分对我国政府在城市社区治理中角色进行科学合理的定位提出了具体对策，主要包括建设社区、建设社区自治组织、培育和发展非政府组织、培育公民意识以及建构社区居民参与机制。
[Abstract]:In 1980s, the wave of reform and opening to the outside world made the Chinese society change dramatically, and we established the center of economic construction. To establish a new development path of socialist market economy. The Chinese society is in the period of comprehensive transformation. It has changed from a large agricultural country to a modern country, where the urban population accounts for more than half of the total population. The rapid development of modern cities has made the malpractice of the management system of the government-arranged society in the period of planned economy prominent. The all-powerful government hinders the function of social autonomy to a large extent. Therefore, the role of the government in the governance of urban communities has become a key factor to promote democratic political progress at the grass-roots level and achieve community autonomy. It has very important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the role of the government in the governance of urban communities as the theme of the study. The disintegration of the unit system has caused a large number of management functions performed by the unit to spill over to the society. However, the society has been relying excessively on the top-down single administrative mode of urban community governance in China for a long time, and does not have the ability to assume the function of social autonomy immediately. On the other hand. The openness, diversity and complexity of modern cities require that the governance should be carried out in a wide field of vision, in a scientific way and in a perfect system. This needs the government to carry on the scientific and reasonable localization to its own role in the function reform. Based on the theory of governance and good governance, the theory of new public management and the theory of new public service, this paper uses system analysis method and comparative analysis method. Taking the change of government role orientation in urban community governance as the starting point, this paper analyzes systematically the problems existing in the role orientation of our government in urban community governance. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the background and significance of the thesis. Under the background of social reform in China, this paper points out the important significance of scientific positioning of government role, and the possible innovation of the paper. The second part deals with the community, urban community governance. The basic concepts of the role of government are summarized, and the application of governance and good governance theory, new public management theory and new public service theory in urban community governance is explained in detail. The third part of the historical perspective of urban community governance in our country government role in the transformation of the overall comb from the emergence and development of street offices and residents committees. To the rise and perfection of the urban community system, have done a more detailed exposition. 4th part through the cross-street residential system and community system development process summary. Focus on the role of the government in urban community governance in our country is too strong, offside and absence, to promote community participation in the measures are not in place, and the relationship between the main body of community governance is not clear and so on. It also analyzes the political, social and institutional causes of the above problems one by one. Part 5th puts forward concrete countermeasures to the role of our government in the governance of urban communities. It mainly includes the construction of community, the construction of community autonomy organization, the cultivation and development of non-governmental organizations, the cultivation of civic consciousness and the construction of community residents' participation mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D669.3

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