基于危机管理的地方政府形象研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 22:12

本文关键词：基于危机管理的地方政府形象研究　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国改革进入深水期,各类矛盾呈现多发态势,相对于中央政府,作为直接面对矛盾的地方政府,由于在执政理念、可动用的资源、觉悟意识、人员素质等方面存在天然不足,在危机应对方面还存在意识欠缺、手段有限、应急能力不强等等弊端。危机管理应对不力让政府形象受到严重的影响,从另一个方面来说,政府形象的好坏可以直接影响到危机管理的成效。从中央层面来说,地方政府是具体政策执行者,与社会接触面广,所作所为在其接触的群众眼里就代表了整个政府的形象。地方政府是整个政治体系的重要承载者,其作为“基石”的重要性不言而喻。在目前我国危机管理体系中,地方政府的公信力和政府形象还有待进一步提高。当前地方政府遭遇的危机主要有自然灾害危机、人为事故危机、突发性危机及经济危机等类型,从根源分析,主要由自然领域、经济领域、政治领域、道德领域等因素造成,面对的危机环境异常复杂。危机本身就具有破坏性、突发性、传导性等特点,近些年来,随着自媒体快速发展,出来一些新的特点：公共危机引爆点越来越小、突发事件与转型时期凸显的矛盾契合度提高等。地方政府如何在危机管理过程中,化“危”为“机”,抓住契机塑造良好的政府形象,进而提高地方政府的公信力和美誉度,是地方政府面临的重要问题,也是值得公共管理学者研究的一个课题。本文认为,当前危机事件的发生呈现多元化、常态化的趋势,影响面日益广泛,这对地方政府执来说,其执政能力、形象构建受到严峻考验。首先,从价值取向上来说,地方政府应该打造“民本政府”、“责任政府”形象,强化依法行政理念,提升危机意识、自我形象塑造意识。其次,从长远来说,危机管理体系的建设是应对危机管理的重点及关键点,该体系包括完善法制建设、完善危机管理财政保障机制、完善地方政府危机预警反应机制、建立科学考核问责机制四大方面。最后,从当前地方政府实际现状来说,提高地方政府的危机公关能力是最紧迫的举措,本文认为要从完善地方政府信息公开、提升地方政府信息沟通能力、提高地方政府利用媒体公关的能力、实施严格的新闻发布机制四方面来打造。另外,地方政府需要从实践中吸取教训,才能提高应对危机的能力,从而实现地方政府对本区域的有效治理。
[Abstract]:As the reform of our country enters the deep-water period, all kinds of contradictions take on a situation of frequent occurrence. Compared with the central government, as a local government directly facing the contradictions, due to the concept of governance, available resources, consciousness. Personnel quality and other aspects of natural deficiencies in crisis response there are also lack of awareness limited means not strong emergency response and other shortcomings. Crisis management and inadequate response to the image of the government has been seriously affected. On the other hand, the image of the government can directly affect the effectiveness of crisis management. From the central level, the local government is the specific policy executor, and social contact. What they do represents the image of the whole government in the eyes of the people they come into contact with. The local government is an important bearer of the whole political system. Its importance as a "cornerstone" is self-evident in the current crisis management system in our country. The credibility of local government and the image of the government need to be further improved. At present, the crisis encountered by the local government mainly includes natural disaster crisis, man-made accident crisis, sudden crisis and economic crisis and so on, from the root cause analysis. Mainly caused by the natural field, the economic field, the political field, the moral field and so on, the crisis environment is extremely complex. The crisis itself has the characteristics of destructive, sudden, conductive and so on, in recent years. With the rapid development of self-media, some new features come out: the public crisis tipping point is becoming smaller and smaller, and the contradiction between the sudden events and the transition period has been improved. How to transform "danger" into "opportunity" in the process of crisis management, seize the opportunity to create a good image of the government, and then improve the credibility and reputation of the local government, is an important problem facing the local government. It is also a topic worthy of study by public management scholars. This paper holds that the occurrence of current crisis events presents a trend of diversification and normality, and the influence is increasingly widespread, which is the governing ability of local governments. First of all, from the value orientation, the local government should build the image of "people-oriented government" and "responsible government", strengthen the concept of administration according to law, and enhance the sense of crisis. Secondly, in the long run, the construction of crisis management system is the key point to deal with crisis management. The system includes improving the legal system and improving the financial security mechanism of crisis management. Improve the local government crisis early warning response mechanism, establish a scientific assessment accountability mechanism in four major aspects. Finally, from the current actual situation of local governments, improving the crisis public relations capacity of local governments is the most urgent measure. In this paper, we should improve the local government information disclosure, enhance the ability of local government information communication, improve the ability of local government to use media public relations, implement strict press release mechanism to build. Local governments need to learn lessons from practice in order to improve their ability to respond to the crisis and thus to achieve effective governance of the region by local governments.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630

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