深圳社区养老服务多元供给困境及改进策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 01:08

本文关键词：深圳社区养老服务多元供给困境及改进策略研究　出处：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：面对世界老龄化加剧的环境背景下,随着第一批来深建设者的老去及候鸟式老人的大幅增加,年轻深圳也将面临着断崖式的老龄化进程。为应对深圳即将爆发的老龄化问题,加强深圳老年人社会福利建设,推进深圳社区养老服务供给网络模式的形成是构建和谐深圳的重要里程碑。目前深圳凭借国内领先的经济水平、优越的地理位置以及国家政策的大力支持,在社会福利及社区建设上走在了国内城市的前端。在养老服务供给上深圳借鉴香港及国外的成功经验,开拓本土养老服务建设,形成成布局合理、种类齐全、功能完善的“9073”特色养老体系,即90%的以家庭照料为主的居家养老服务,7%的由社区提供老年人生活、医疗及娱乐等服务,3%的老人通过入住机构满足专业照料需求,其中,社区养老方式因自由、离家近等优势深受老年人喜爱。因此,深圳各区根据自身特色纷纷激发社会组织及市场企业的积极性,社区内的老年人日间照料中心、社区党群服务中心、老年人学校等组织机构逐步发芽,旨在为老年人提供一个自由便利、轻松愉悦的生活空间。在多元主体共同参与社区老年人服务供给的理论支持下,深圳各区老年人服务供给呈现参差不齐的发展态势,逐步产生老年人服务供不应求的问题,一些社区领先激发社会组织活力,开设老年人日间照料中心、老年人协会等组织,一些社区则依旧处于政府大包大揽的状态,均未形成完善的社区养老服务供给体系。在政府迫切的还服务职能与社会的背景下,深圳如何依靠特区优势,明确社区老年人服务各供给主体的角色定位,建立长期有效的合作沟通机制,形成具有深圳特色的统一的社区养老服务体系网络,对缓解深圳老年社会压力具有重要意义。本文以此为着力点,运用新公共管理理论、社会福利多元化及社区治理理论工具,将深圳社区养老服务的供给主体划分为政府、社会组织及市场三个元素,通过对各服务主体的实际服务案例进行访谈展开现状研究,指出目前深圳的社区养老服务多元供给中存在各主体角色错位、社区资源浪费、专业服务人才缺失的问题,并结合国外优秀的社区养老服务建设经验提出相应的整改路径,为形成具有深圳特色的社区养老服务网络体系,加强深圳民生建设具有长足发展的意义。
[Abstract]:In the face of the world aging environment background, with the first group of deep construction of the elderly and migrant birds of the elderly increased significantly. Young Shenzhen will also be faced with a cliff-like aging process. In order to cope with the imminent aging of Shenzhen, strengthen the construction of social welfare for the elderly in Shenzhen. To promote the formation of Shenzhen community pension service supply network model is an important milestone in building a harmonious Shenzhen. At present, Shenzhen depends on the leading domestic economic level, superior geographical location and strong support of national policies. In the social welfare and community construction in the front end of the domestic city. In the supply of old-age service Shenzhen learn from the successful experience of Hong Kong and foreign countries to develop local old-age service construction into a reasonable layout and full range. The well-functioning "9073" characteristic old-age care system, that is, 90% of the home old-age care based on family care services, 7% by the community to provide elderly life, medical and entertainment services. 3% of the elderly live in institutions to meet the needs of professional care, among them, the community pension mode because of freedom, close to home and other advantages deeply loved by the elderly. According to their own characteristics, various districts in Shenzhen stimulate the enthusiasm of social organizations and market enterprises, and the organizations and institutions in the community, such as day care centers for the elderly, community party and group service centers, and schools for the elderly, are sprouting gradually. The purpose is to provide the elderly with a free and convenient, relaxed and pleasant living space. Under the support of the theory that the multiple subjects participate in the community elderly service supply together. The supply of services for the elderly in various districts of Shenzhen presents a uneven development trend, which gradually produces the problem that the supply of services for the elderly exceeds supply. Some communities lead in stimulating the vitality of social organizations and opening day care centers for the elderly. Organizations such as the Association of the elderly, some communities are still in the state of the government, has not formed a perfect community pension service supply system. In the context of the government's urgent service function and society. How to rely on the advantages of the Special Zone, clarify the role of the community elderly service providers, establish a long-term and effective cooperative communication mechanism, and form a unified community pension service system network with Shenzhen characteristics. It is of great significance to alleviate the social pressure of the elderly in Shenzhen. This paper focuses on the application of the new public management theory, social welfare diversification and community governance theory tools. The main supply of community pension service in Shenzhen is divided into three elements: government, social organization and market. This paper points out that there are some problems in the multiple supply of community old-age service in Shenzhen, such as the dislocation of the main roles, the waste of community resources and the lack of professional service talents. Combining with the excellent experience of overseas community pension service construction, this paper puts forward the corresponding rectification path, which has great significance to form the community pension service network system with Shenzhen characteristics and to strengthen the construction of Shenzhen people's livelihood.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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