基于农户收入结构视角的青州市农民增收制度创新研究

发布时间：2018-02-05 20:27

本文关键词： 农户收入结构农民增收制度创新青州市　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农户收入结构是检验农村居民生活质量和消费水平的重要指标，农民收入的稳定增长在推进新农村建设、缩小城乡差距、构建和谐社会、促进城乡统筹发展以及加速经济的持续健康增长方面都无比重要。众多学者的研究显示，自新中国成立以来，我国农村的人均收入一直呈现增长的趋势，这种增长继改革开放后表现更加明显。尽管出入增长形势，但增长率并不稳定，各地区农民经济收入有非常明显的差别。此外，城乡收入差距在波动中表现出相对拉大的趋势。本文以山东省青州市为例，从农户收入结构和城乡收入差距视角分析了影响青州市农民收入增加的制度性障碍。研究结果显示：当前青州市农民收入仍主要来源于家庭经营性收入，而制约其增长的主要制度障碍包括农民家庭经营组织规模较小、产业结构转化不及时、组织化程度较低、金融支持力度不足和技术进步空间有限；当前青州市农户收入的第二大来源是工资性收入，其比重也在不断上升，主要制度障碍包括源于城乡二元结构的农村劳动力的“需求拉力”不足，源于跨区域流转和户籍管理制度的农民非农化流转成本的增加，源于农民素质普遍较低且在职场选择及各项福利谈判时缺少全面的意识理念；在青州市农村收入中，财产性和转移性经济来源并不是其经济的主要来源，，而是作为补充性的经济来源，但它的发展仍然需要关注。目前农民的财产性收入提高滞缓的主要原因就是农民的收入结余很少，加之没有合理的土地增值收益分享权当。而农民转移性收入提高滞缓的原因则是其在生产领域和生活领域上，政府能否在生产领域恪守和持续实施农业扶持政策和能否在生活领域增加农村社会保障的供给。本文立足于实现农民收入稳定快速增长，提出了促进农民增收的6种制度创新。具体而言，针对家庭经营性收入及其主要制度障碍，应建立健全农民组织制度和农村金融制度；对于农民工资性收入滞缓的原因，应建立健全城乡分割制度；针对财产性收入及其主要制度障碍，应建立健全农村土地制度；针对转移性收入及其主要制度障碍，应建立健全政府支农制度和农村公共管理制度。
[Abstract]:Peasant household income structure is an important indicator to test the quality of life and consumption level of rural residents. The steady growth of farmers' income is promoting the construction of new rural areas, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, and building a harmonious society. To promote the overall development of urban and rural areas and accelerate the sustained and healthy economic growth are extremely important. Many scholars show that since the founding of New China, the rural per capita income of China has been showing a trend of growth. This growth has become even more evident since the reform and opening up. Despite the growth situation, the growth rate is not stable, and the economic income of farmers in various regions is very distinct. In addition, there are significant differences in the economic income of farmers in various regions. The income gap between urban and rural areas shows a trend of relatively widening in the course of fluctuation. This paper takes Qingzhou City, Shandong Province as an example. From the perspective of the income structure of farmers and the income gap between urban and rural areas, this paper analyzes the institutional obstacles affecting the increase of farmers' income in Qingzhou. The results show that the income of farmers in Qingzhou is still mainly derived from the income of household management. The main institutional obstacles to its growth include the small scale of farmers' household management organizations, the untimely transformation of industrial structure, the low degree of organization, the lack of financial support and the limited space for technological progress. At present, the second largest source of income of farmers in Qingzhou is wage income, and its proportion is also rising. The main institutional obstacles include the shortage of "demand pull" of rural labor force derived from the dual structure of urban and rural areas. The increase in the cost of non-agricultural transfer of farmers derived from the transregional circulation and household registration management system is due to the general low quality of farmers and the lack of comprehensive consciousness in workplace selection and welfare negotiations; In the rural income of Qingzhou City, the property and transfer economic source is not the main source of its economy, but as a supplementary economic source. However, its development still needs to be concerned. At present, the main reason for the slow increase of peasants' property income is the small surplus of peasants' income. In addition, there is no reasonable land value-added income sharing. The reason for the slow increase of farmers' transfer income is that they are in the field of production and living. Whether the government can adhere to and implement the agricultural support policy in the production field and increase the supply of rural social security in the field of life. Based on the steady and rapid growth of farmers' income, this paper puts forward six kinds of institutional innovations to promote the increase of farmers' income. Specifically, it aims at the income of household management and its main institutional obstacles. It is necessary to establish and perfect the peasant organization system and the rural financial system. For the reason of the lag of peasants' wage income, we should establish and perfect the system of urban-rural division. In view of the property income and its main system obstacles, we should establish and perfect the rural land system; In view of the transfer income and its main system obstacles, we should establish and perfect the government supporting agriculture system and the rural public management system.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323.8

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