连片特困地区财政扶贫绩效评价及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 10:35

本文选题：渝东南地区 + 财政扶贫　；参考：《西南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：贫困是经济波动和社会动荡的根源,是阻碍和谐社会构建的症结,如何消除贫困,是全世界共同关注的问题。改革开放以来,我国党、政府始终坚定不移地扎实推进减贫工作,取得了举世瞩目的成就,有力地促进了贫困地区的经济发展,极大地改善了贫困群众的生产生活水平。但我国幅员辽阔,各个贫困区域的致贫因素、发展现状、资源禀赋都不尽相同,贫困人口基数大、底子薄、贫困代际现象凸显,制约贫困地区发展的深层次问题还没有得到根本解决,贫困状况依然严峻,扶贫开发工作任重而道远。扶贫开发任务是我党第一个百年奋斗目标的重点工作,也是最艰巨的任务,其减贫效果直接关系到我国全面建成小康社会的宏伟目标能否按期实现。财政作为政府宏观调控的工具,是快速减贫的利器,财政扶贫是新时期政府扶贫事业的重要手段,“资金使用精准”也是精准扶贫基本要求的“六个精准”之一。当前,扶贫开发已进入攻坚阶段,而扶贫开发的主战场在连片特困地区,研究连片特困地区财政扶贫的减贫绩效,提高财政扶贫的效益,对打赢打好新时期扶贫攻坚战,顺利完成《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011—2020)》既定目标,扎实推进“四个全面”协调同步,实现我国政治稳定、民族团结、社会和谐、生态安全也都具有十分重要的现实意义。渝东南地区地处武陵山连片特困地区,辖一区五县,是以土家族和苗族为主的少数民族聚居区,也是重庆唯一的集中连片特困地区。重庆作为我国西部地区唯一的直辖市,在促进区域协调发展大局中具有十分重要的战略地位。尽管重庆财政扶贫支出规模不断扩大,但就目前的发展状况来看,渝东南地区经济发展水平与重庆市其他地区相比仍有较大差距。研究渝东南地区财政扶贫绩效,探索财政资金的最优使用效率是当前急需解决的问题。本文以渝东南地区为研究对象,对财政扶贫绩效及影响因素进行了相关理论分析和实证研究。首先,在梳理了相关减贫理论的基础之上,构建了连片特困地区财政扶贫的理论分析框架,并结合渝东南地区财政投入和扶贫历程,定性分析渝东南地区财政扶贫成效并揭示当前的扶贫开发重难点;其次,针对渝东南地区的财政扶贫绩效,采用数据包络分析方法(DEA)和Malmquist指数法分别从静态和动态角度对财政扶贫绩效进行系统评价。随后,运用Tobit模型探究影响渝东南地区财政扶贫的主要因素;最后,在对渝东南地片区扶贫开发进行深入分析的基础上,本文提出了渝东南地区扶贫开发政策建议。本文的创新之处主要有以下两点:第一,研究角度的创新。本研究以渝东南地区为研究对象,将渝东南地区从武陵山连片特困地区的大背景中分离出来,立足于重庆市的直辖优势与渝东南自身的发展特点,构建科学并具有普适性的评价指标体系,并凝练出更有针对性的学术观点,弥补了以往研究的空白。第二,研究方法的创新。本研究将区域发展、产业发展、制度创新、公共管理等理论结合扶贫理论进行多学科理论的综合,并结合数据包络分析方法(DEA)、Malmquist指数和Tobit模型等实证方法进行分析,突破了以往扶贫研究方法单一、倾向定性研究的现状,在整体研究方法上有创新。
[Abstract]:Poverty is the root of economic fluctuations and social unrest. It is the crux of the construction of a harmonious society. How to eliminate poverty is the common concern of the world. Since the reform and opening up, the party and the government have always steadfastly promoted the work of reducing poverty. It has achieved remarkable achievements and has greatly promoted the economic development of the poor areas. The land has improved the level of production and life of the poor, but China has a vast territory, the factors of poverty in the poor areas, the development status, the resources endowment are not the same, the poverty population base is large, the foundation is thin, the poverty intergenerational phenomenon is highlighted, the deep problems that restrict the development of the poverty-stricken areas have not been fundamentally solved, and the poverty situation is still grim, The task of poverty alleviation and development is a long way to go. The task of poverty alleviation and development is the key task and the most arduous task of our party's first century. The effect of poverty reduction is directly related to the realization of the grand goal of building a well-off society in our country. As a tool of macro regulation and control of the government, it is a sharp tool for rapid poverty reduction and financial support. Poverty is an important means of the government's poverty alleviation in the new period. "Accurate use of funds" is one of the "six precision" of the basic requirements of precision poverty alleviation. At present, the poverty alleviation and development has already entered the stage of attack, and the main battlefield of the poverty alleviation and development is in the serial and specially stricken areas to study the poor performance of the poverty alleviation of the financial poverty alleviation areas and improve the efficiency of financial poverty alleviation. It is of great practical significance to achieve political stability, national unity, social harmony and ecological security in China. The southeast region of Chongqing is located at Wuling Mountain in the southeast region. It is a good way to achieve the goal of poverty alleviation and development in the new period, and successfully complete the set goal of "the outline of China's rural poverty alleviation and development (2011 - 2020) >" and to promote the coordination and synchronization of "four comprehensive" and achieve political stability, national unity, social harmony and ecological security in China. The poverty-stricken area, under the jurisdiction of the five counties, is an area where the Tujia and Miao ethnic minorities live mainly. It is also the only centralized and specially stricken area in Chongqing. Chongqing, the only municipality in the western region of China, has a very important strategic position in promoting the overall situation of regional coordination and development. Although the scale of Chongqing's financial support for poverty alleviation continues to expand, but As far as the current development situation is concerned, there is still a big gap between the economic development level of Southeast Chongqing and the other areas in Chongqing. To study the performance of financial poverty alleviation in Southeast Chongqing and to explore the optimal use efficiency of financial funds are the urgent problems to be solved. In this paper, the performance and influence factors of financial poverty alleviation are studied in the southeast of Chongqing. The theoretical analysis and empirical research are carried out. First, based on combing the theory of poverty reduction, a theoretical framework for financial poverty alleviation is constructed, and combined with the financial input and poverty alleviation process in the southeast of Chongqing, the effectiveness of financial aid for poverty in Southeast Chongqing is qualitatively analyzed and the difficult and difficult points of current poverty alleviation and development are revealed. At the same time, in view of the performance of financial poverty alleviation in the southeast of Chongqing, the performance of financial poverty alleviation was systematically evaluated from the static and dynamic aspects by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist index method. Then, the main factors affecting the financial poverty alleviation in Southeast Chongqing were investigated by using the Tobit model. Finally, the poverty alleviation and development in the Southeast Chongqing region were developed. On the basis of in-depth analysis, this paper puts forward the policy suggestions for poverty alleviation and development in the southeast of Chongqing. The main innovations of this paper are the following two points: first, the innovation of the research angle. This study takes the southeast of Chongqing as the research object, and separates the Southeast Chongqing from the big background of the Wuling mountain area, which is based on the direct of Chongqing. The advantages and the development characteristics of Southeast Chongqing, build a scientific and universal evaluation index system, and draw up more pertinent academic views, make up for the blank of previous research. Second, the innovation of research methods. This study combines the theory of regional development, industrial development, institutional innovation, public management and so on with the theory of poverty alleviation. The synthesis of subject theory, combined with the data envelopment analysis (DEA), the Malmquist index and the Tobit model, has broken through the previous research methods of poverty alleviation, which tend to be qualitative research, and are innovative in the overall research method.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.8;F812.7

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