社会中介组织参与我国食品安全治理优势的研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 16:21

本文选题：社会中介组织 + 政府　；参考：《南京工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：食品安全关系民生，关系经济发展，关系社会稳定和谐。目前我国正处在深刻的社会转型期，各种食品安全事件不断上演，“瘦肉精”、“地沟油”、“三聚氰胺”、“苏丹红”等一些较为专业的食品行业术语被人们所熟悉。社会各界对食品安全表现出较高的关注和较深的担忧。清华大学媒介调查实验室在2011年、2012年连续两年通过网络对全国31个省、市、自治区的公众展开问卷调查，调查人们对于食品的安全感程度，结果显示公众对食品的担忧程度有增无减。政府作为公共管理主体对食品安全事件的监管有着不可推卸的责任，政府相关政策和法律法规的出台、执法力度的加强以及食品安全监管机构的改革，均表现出政府治理食品安全的信心，但受制于诸多因素，治理效果并不是太理想。因此，寻找治理的“帮手”似乎成为政府的必然选择，积极地探索食品安全治理的第三条路径也因此成为学术界的重大课题，大部分学者意识到了社会力量参与食品安全治理的可行性。食品安全事件涉及人员多、涉及面广、危害性大，社会中介组织发展迅速、组织数量多、辐射范围广，这是从组织上对政府治理的有效补充；同时社会中介组织的弹性化、专业化、高效率、低成本的运作优势恰是对政府强制性、单向性、低效率、高成本的充分回应。因此，对社会中介组织在食品安全治理中的优势和作用进行深入研究，探索其发挥作用的路径是十分必要的。以期与政府、市场形成监管的合力，有效解决食品安全问题。本文在界定社会中介组织、食品安全等相关概念和相关理论的基础上，分析目前我国食品安全现状，肯定政府治理食品安全的有效性和必要性，同时指出政府单边治理的缺陷，包括监管角色困境、监管动力不足、监管效率不高、监管能力有限。在政府单边治理的情形下，结合相关案例说明我国社会中介组织的治理优势难以发挥，具体表现为：独立性不强、权威性不足、自治水平不高。但这并不能否认社会中介组织所具有的效率高、成本低、资源优的独特优势以及其在培育全社会食品安全意识、协助政府提高食品安全绩效、促进企业提高食品安全质量等方面的作用。为了化解社会中介组织面临的困境，本文在借鉴国外食品行业社会中介组织在食品安全治理中的做法的基础上，结合本国实际，，提出相应的提升社会中介组织治理能力的对策，包括明确社会中介组织与政府的关系、构建优良的外部发展环境以及提升自身能力。
[Abstract]:Food safety concerns people's livelihood, economic development and social stability and harmony. At present, our country is in the profound social transition period, various kinds of food safety events are constantly staged, such as "lean meat essence", "gutter oil", "melamine", "Sudan red" and so on some more specialized food industry terminology is familiar to people. All walks of life show high concern and deep concern about food safety. In 2011 and 2012, the Media investigation Laboratory of Tsinghua University conducted a questionnaire survey on the public of 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country through the Internet in 2011 and 2012 to investigate people's sense of security about food. The results show that the level of public concern about food is increasing. The government, as the main body of public administration, has an unshirkable responsibility for the supervision of food safety incidents, the introduction of relevant government policies and laws and regulations, the strengthening of law enforcement and the reform of food safety regulatory bodies. All show the confidence of the government to manage food safety, but limited by many factors, the governance effect is not too ideal. Therefore, finding a "helper" for governance seems to be an inevitable choice for the government, and actively exploring the third path of food safety governance has therefore become a major topic in the academic community. Most scholars are aware of the feasibility of social forces participating in food safety governance. Food safety incidents involve a large number of personnel, involve a wide range of areas, are harmful, and social intermediary organizations develop rapidly, have a large number of organizations, and have a wide range of radiation, which is an effective supplement to government governance from an organizational point of view; at the same time, social intermediary organizations are flexible. The advantages of specialization, high efficiency and low cost are the full response to the mandatory, unidirectional, low efficiency and high cost of the government. Therefore, it is necessary to study the advantages and functions of social intermediary organizations in food safety governance and explore the ways to play their role. With a view to the government, the market to form a joint effort to effectively solve food safety problems. Based on the definition of social intermediary organizations, food safety and other related concepts and theories, this paper analyzes the current situation of food safety in China, affirms the effectiveness and necessity of government administration of food safety, and points out the defects of unilateral government governance. Including regulatory role dilemmas, regulatory motivation is insufficient, regulatory efficiency is not high, regulatory capacity is limited. In the case of unilateral government governance, combined with relevant cases, it is difficult to give full play to the advantages of governance of social intermediary organizations in China, which is manifested as: independence is not strong, authority is insufficient, and the level of autonomy is not high. However, this does not deny the unique advantages of social intermediary organizations such as high efficiency, low cost, excellent resources, and helping the government to improve the performance of food safety by cultivating the awareness of food safety in the whole society. To promote enterprises to improve the quality of food safety and other aspects of the role. In order to resolve the dilemma faced by social intermediary organizations, this paper, on the basis of drawing lessons from the practices of foreign food industry social intermediary organizations in food safety governance and combining with the reality of our country, puts forward corresponding countermeasures to enhance the governance ability of social intermediary organizations. It includes clarifying the relationship between social intermediary organizations and government, constructing excellent external development environment and enhancing their own ability.
【学位授予单位】：南京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D632.9;F203

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