延吉市居住空间演变研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 13:48

【摘要】：居住空间是城市空间的重要组成部分,它同时具有物质属性和社会属性,物质属性表现在居住空间的形态、不同类型住宅区在建筑水平、环境质量、配套设施的差异等。社会属性指的是指占据不同类型和区位的住宅区或住房的社会群体在经济收入、文化程度、价值观念等方面存在的差异,即居住空间分异。居住空间演变不但体现出居民住房条件、生活水平的改善,还能够从侧面反映社会的变迁,经济的发展。延吉是一座位于东北边疆的城市,进入90年代以后,伴随着其经济迅速的发展,城市化快速的推进,城市空间开始急剧向外拓展,其中居住空间在外部形态和内部结构也发生了巨大的变化。鉴于此,本文将利用地理形态法,将居住用地进行细分实现住宅类型的划分。从住宅类型的角度出发,基于GIS空间叠置分析以及SPSS聚类分析技术探讨居住空间的演变。首先,对延吉城区住宅区类型进行测度,构建了可操作的延吉市城区居住空间类型测度指标体系,以1990年、2000年、2007年、2012年的土地利用遥感解译数据为基础,参考地理形态分类法,通过GIS叠置分析、SPSS聚类分析后,其中1990年街区斑块最佳划分类型为8个类型、2000年为9个类型、2007年为10个类型、2012年为10个类型。其次,以延吉市城区居住空间形态为主线,分析总结延吉市1990—2012年居住空间演变特征主要表现在：①扩张方向上呈条带状,由东向西延伸；②居住区内部的用地结构发生转变,’由工业混合居住向商业、公共管理与服务混合居住过渡；③居住区开始逐渐依托优美的自然景观进行布局；④住宅形式趋向于多元化。同时从商品房、棚户区与火炕楼、保障性住房的角度为出发点,分析了延吉市居住空间分异现象。再次,分析了1990—2012年延吉市居住空间演变的动力机制。指出土地制度和住房制度的改革是主导了城市居住空间的扩张,地理位置与自然环境、以及城市规划的思路制约和引导着城区居住空间形态的变化。而经济的发展、人口的增长、居民空间择居行为引起了居住空间分异。正是这些因素的共同作用才推动了延吉市城区居住空间的演变。最后,基于人均建筑面积法和BP神经网络预测模型,对延吉市未来五年住宅用地需求量进行了预测,发现2013-2017年延吉市住宅用地总需求量为535.95万m2,年均需求量为107.19万m2。
[Abstract]:Residential space is an important part of urban space. It has both material and social attributes. The material attributes are manifested in the form of residential space, the difference of building level, environmental quality and supporting facilities in different types of residential areas. Social attribute refers to the differences in economic income, cultural level and values of the social groups occupying different types and locations of residential areas or housing, that is, the difference of living space. The evolution of living space not only reflects the improvement of housing conditions and living standards, but also reflects the changes of society and the development of economy. Yanji is a city located in the northeast frontier. After the 1990s, with the rapid development of its economy and the rapid development of urbanization, the urban space began to expand rapidly. Among them, the living space in the external form and internal structure has also undergone tremendous changes. In view of this, this article will use the geographical form method, the residential land carries on the subdivision to realize the housing type division. Based on GIS space overlay analysis and SPSS clustering analysis, this paper discusses the evolution of residential space from the angle of housing type. First of all, this paper measures the residential area types in Yanji city, and constructs an operational index system of residential space types in Yanji city. Based on the remote sensing interpretation data of land use in 1990, 2000, 2007 and 2012, the author refers to the classification of geographical forms. The best classification types of patches in 1990 were 8 types, 9 types in 2000, 10 types in 2007 and 10 types in 2012. Secondly, taking the urban residential space form of Yanji city as the main line, this paper analyzes and summarizes the evolution characteristics of the residential space in Yanji city from 1990 to 2012. The main features of the evolution of the residential space in Yanji city from 1990 to 2012 are as follows: 1. (2) the structure of land use in residential area changed from industrial mixed residence to commercial residence, and the transition of mixed public management and service residential area began to rely on the beautiful natural landscape for the layout of the residential area gradually and the residential forms tended to be diversified. At the same time, from the point of view of commercial house, shantytown, fire Kang building and supportable house, this paper analyzes the difference of living space in Yanji city. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the dynamic mechanism of residential space evolution in Yanji City from 1990 to 2012. It is pointed out that the reform of land system and housing system dominates the expansion of urban residential space, geographical location and natural environment, as well as the train of thought of urban planning, which restricts and guides the change of urban residential space form. And the economic development, population growth, residents' spatial choice of residence behavior caused the difference of living space. It is these factors that promote the evolution of residential space in Yanji city. Finally, based on the per capita building area method and BP neural network prediction model, the demand for residential land in Yanji in the next five years is predicted. It is found that the total demand for residential land in Yanji in 2013-2017 is 5.3595 million m2, and the average annual demand is 1.0719 million m2.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.113

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