黑龙江省水上搜救应急管理模式研究
发布时间：2018-08-19 09:01
【摘要】：水上搜救是水上交通安全管理链中的重要一环，是避免和减轻水上突发事件造成危害的最直接手段，也是保障水上人命安全和防止水域污染的最后一道防线。水上搜救作为国家应急管理体系的重要组成部分，既是政府履行公共管理的重要职能，也是履行相关国际公约应尽的义务。黑龙江省水上搜救应急管理是黑龙江省应急管理体系的一个子系统。黑龙江省水上搜救工作发展相对滞后，但由于黑龙江省地理位置独特、应急管理工作的特殊性，不能将发达国家和我国在海上搜救领域取得的成功经验直接或广泛应用于黑龙江省内河、界河水域。因此，探索适合黑龙江省的水上搜救应急管理模式，对于提高其应急管理能力及维护水上交通安全具有重要的理论意义和现实影响。 本文以黑龙江省水上搜救应急管理模式为主要研究对象，首先分析了黑龙江省水上搜救应急管理模式的现状和存在的问题，在有选择的借鉴国内外应急管理相关理论和成熟经验的基础上，结合黑龙江省实际特点，探讨了如何优化和构建水上搜救应急管理模式。运用管理学理论，设计组织指挥体系、指挥协调机制、搜救运作环节、应急保障机制四大模块，有针对性的就整合应急反应力量、优化应急反应资源配置、合理设定应急处置措施、科学预防和控制水上突发事件，为有效预防险情的发生并将事故损失控制在最小范围之内进行了有益的探讨。此外，还针对应急资源和专业力量匮乏等难题，提出了建立高效运行的保障机制的建议和思路，其中，包括建立专业化和社会化相结合应急救援队伍的设想，，采用多种手段组建社会救援队伍，形成强大而稳固的应急救援网络等。
[Abstract]:Water search and rescue is an important part of water traffic safety management chain. It is the most direct means to avoid and reduce the damage caused by water accidents, and it is also the last line of defense to ensure the safety of water life and prevent water pollution. As an important part of the national emergency management system, water search and rescue is not only the important function of the government to perform the public management, but also the obligation to fulfill the relevant international conventions. The emergency management of water search and rescue in Heilongjiang Province is a subsystem of the emergency management system of Heilongjiang Province. The development of water search and rescue work in Heilongjiang Province is relatively lagging behind, but because of the unique geographical position of Heilongjiang Province, the particularity of emergency management work, The successful experiences of developed countries and China in the field of maritime search and rescue can not be directly or widely used in inland rivers and boundary river waters of Heilongjiang Province. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the water search and rescue emergency management mode suitable for Heilongjiang Province to improve its emergency management ability and maintain water traffic safety. In this paper, the water search and rescue emergency management model in Heilongjiang Province as the main research object, the first analysis of the water search and rescue emergency management model in Heilongjiang Province and the existing problems. Based on the relevant theories and mature experience of emergency management at home and abroad and combining with the actual characteristics of Heilongjiang Province, this paper discusses how to optimize and construct the emergency management mode of search and rescue on water. Using the management theory to design the organization and command system, the command coordination mechanism, the search and rescue operation link, the emergency support mechanism four modules, has the pertinence to integrate the emergency response strength, optimizes the emergency response resources disposition, In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of danger and control the accident loss within the minimum range, the reasonable emergency treatment measures should be set up to prevent and control the unexpected events on the water scientifically. In addition, in view of the lack of emergency resources and professional strength and other problems, the paper puts forward some suggestions and ideas for establishing a guarantee mechanism for efficient operation, including the idea of establishing a professional and socialized emergency rescue team. Use a variety of means to set up social rescue teams, and form a strong and stable emergency rescue network.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D63
本文编号：2191185
[Abstract]:Water search and rescue is an important part of water traffic safety management chain. It is the most direct means to avoid and reduce the damage caused by water accidents, and it is also the last line of defense to ensure the safety of water life and prevent water pollution. As an important part of the national emergency management system, water search and rescue is not only the important function of the government to perform the public management, but also the obligation to fulfill the relevant international conventions. The emergency management of water search and rescue in Heilongjiang Province is a subsystem of the emergency management system of Heilongjiang Province. The development of water search and rescue work in Heilongjiang Province is relatively lagging behind, but because of the unique geographical position of Heilongjiang Province, the particularity of emergency management work, The successful experiences of developed countries and China in the field of maritime search and rescue can not be directly or widely used in inland rivers and boundary river waters of Heilongjiang Province. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the water search and rescue emergency management mode suitable for Heilongjiang Province to improve its emergency management ability and maintain water traffic safety. In this paper, the water search and rescue emergency management model in Heilongjiang Province as the main research object, the first analysis of the water search and rescue emergency management model in Heilongjiang Province and the existing problems. Based on the relevant theories and mature experience of emergency management at home and abroad and combining with the actual characteristics of Heilongjiang Province, this paper discusses how to optimize and construct the emergency management mode of search and rescue on water. Using the management theory to design the organization and command system, the command coordination mechanism, the search and rescue operation link, the emergency support mechanism four modules, has the pertinence to integrate the emergency response strength, optimizes the emergency response resources disposition, In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of danger and control the accident loss within the minimum range, the reasonable emergency treatment measures should be set up to prevent and control the unexpected events on the water scientifically. In addition, in view of the lack of emergency resources and professional strength and other problems, the paper puts forward some suggestions and ideas for establishing a guarantee mechanism for efficient operation, including the idea of establishing a professional and socialized emergency rescue team. Use a variety of means to set up social rescue teams, and form a strong and stable emergency rescue network.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D63
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