整体性治理下中国农村公共服务供给研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 09:28

【摘要】：21世纪的中国将进入一个不可逆转的老龄社会,老龄化问题是当前我国政府甚至未来几十年面临的难题,而此问题在农村更加明显。随着农村经济的发展,民主意识的增强,村民的公共服务需求逐渐增加,对政府职能也提出了更高的要求,过去农村公共服务主要由政府有关部门提供,但出于政府财力和政府失灵的考虑,政府不得不调整方向,整合部门资源,吸收农村社区、社会企业、公民社会以及个人等的力量,共同解决农村养老服务供给不足的现象。受到新公共管理思想的影响,政府在提供养老服务过程中普遍存在“碎片化”现象,这已严重阻碍了农村公共服务的供给,如何改变此现状,创立新的供给机制,是当前紧迫而具有重大研究价值的课题。整体性治理最早在西方国家产生并对其政府改革产生重大影响,是为了解决新公共管理所引发的“碎片化”而提出的新的治理模式,其主张通过协调与合作的方式,达成多元主体一致的目标,实现无间隙的合作。本文运用整体性治理理论,结合个案分析、文献研究、比较研究和访谈方法,系统分析和论证连城农村养老服务的供给,这对缓解当地农村养老服务的供给,加强政府与其它社会力量的协作,整合养老服务供给的资源,提高农村养老服务供给质量起到了重大意义。本文由六章构成,第一章为导言,介绍研究背景及意义,国内外研究综述,主要概念的界定,研究内容和研究方法,研究难点以及创新之处;第二章为理论工具的选取:整体性治理理论,介绍整体性治理兴起的背景以及理论渊源,整体性治理的主要内涵以及跟连城农村养老服务供给的契合;第三章为中国农村公共服务供给现状:以福建省连城县农村养老服务的供给为例,分析了中国农村公共服务供给的现状,以及调查地区的经济、人口状况,调研的目的和内容,调研过程,调查地区养老服务供给的历史沿革与发展,调查地区养老服务的供给现状;第四章为连城农村养老服务供给存在的问题及原因分析,详细论述供给过程中养老设施不完善,政府财政投入不足,供给主体零散,缺乏一套动态、和谐的协作机制,县政府与社会组织权限划分不清,没有独立评估的机构和公众参与平台;第五章为国外农村养老服务供给的经验介绍以及借鉴,详细介绍英国从政府主导的多元供给向市场主导的多元供给的转变的过程;瑞典政府大包大揽养老服务的供给,但也积极鼓励鼓励慈善团体、非营利机构参与老年事业;美国多中心治理,降低了政府的财政负担,改善了养老服务供给质量,但也出现供给“碎片化”现象;日本政府发挥养老服务供给主导作用的同时,积极鼓励和支持民间力量介入养老领域,实现互联互通;第六章为完善我国农村养老服务供给的途径,从功能、层级和公私合作整合三方面详细阐述完善连城农村养老服务供给的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:China will enter an irreversible aging society in the 21st century. The problem of aging is a difficult problem facing our government even in the next few decades, and this problem is more obvious in rural areas. With the development of rural economy and the enhancement of democratic consciousness, the demand for public services of villagers is gradually increasing, and higher demands have been put forward to the functions of the government. In the past, rural public services were mainly provided by relevant government departments. However, due to the consideration of government financial resources and government failure, the government has to adjust the direction, integrate departmental resources, absorb the strength of rural communities, social enterprises, civil society and individuals, and jointly solve the problem of inadequate supply of rural old-age services. Under the influence of the new public management thought, there is a "fragmentation" phenomenon in the process of providing old-age services, which has seriously hindered the supply of rural public services. How to change the present situation and create a new supply mechanism, Is the current urgent and has the great research value the topic. Overall governance was first produced in western countries and had a great influence on the reform of their governments. It is a new mode of governance put forward in order to solve the "fragmentation" caused by the new public management, and it advocates the way of coordination and cooperation. To achieve the objectives of multiple subjects, to achieve a gap-free cooperation. Based on the theory of holistic governance, case study, literature research, comparative study and interview, this paper systematically analyzes and demonstrates the supply of rural old-age service in Liancheng, which can alleviate the supply of rural old-age service in local areas. It is of great significance to strengthen the cooperation between the government and other social forces, to integrate the resources of the old-age service supply and to improve the quality of the rural old-age service supply. This paper is composed of six chapters, the first chapter is an introduction, introducing the research background and significance, domestic and foreign research review, the definition of main concepts, research content and research methods, research difficulties and innovations; The second chapter is the selection of theoretical tools: the theory of holistic governance, the background of the rise of holistic governance and its theoretical origin, the main connotation of holistic governance and the consonance with the rural old-age service supply in Liancheng; The third chapter is the current situation of rural public service supply in China: taking the rural old-age service supply in Liancheng County, Fujian Province as an example, this paper analyzes the present situation of rural public service supply in China, as well as the economy, population situation, investigation purpose and content of the investigation area. Research process, investigate the historical evolution and development of the regional old-age service supply, investigate the current situation of the regional old-age service supply; The fourth chapter is the analysis of the problems and causes of rural old-age service supply in Liancheng. It discusses in detail that the pension facilities are not perfect, the government financial investment is insufficient, the main body of supply is scattered, and it lacks a set of dynamic and harmonious cooperation mechanism. The jurisdiction of county government and social organization is not clear, there is no independent evaluation of the organization and public participation platform; The fifth chapter introduces the experience and reference of rural old-age service supply in foreign countries, and introduces in detail the process of transition from government-led multi-supply to market-oriented multi-supply in Britain. The Swedish government takes care of the provision of old-age services, but also actively encourages charities and non-profit organizations to participate in the cause of the elderly; Multi-center governance in the United States has reduced the financial burden of the government and improved the quality of the supply of old-age services, but it has also appeared the phenomenon of "fragmentation" of supply; At the same time, the Japanese government actively encourages and supports the folk forces to intervene in the field of old-age care and to realize the interconnection while giving play to the leading role of providing for the aged. The sixth chapter is to perfect our country rural old-age service supply way, from the function, the level and the public and private cooperation conformity three aspects elaborated the consummation countryside old age service supply countermeasure and the suggestion in detail.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D422.6

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