闽江河口湿地自然保护区公共管理研究

发布时间：2018-12-29 17:07

【摘要】：湿地具有巨大的生态服务价值和环境效应,建立湿地自然保护区的目的是为了保护湿地资源与环境,维持生物多样性。但是,建立湿地自然保护区后,以社区居民为代表的各利益相关者在利用湿地资源与环境方面受到了很大的限制,各种矛盾冲突不断发生。研究如何协调湿地自然保护区与利益相关者的矛盾冲突、采用何种管理模式管理好保护区,对湿地自然保护区与各利益相关者协调发展具有重要的现实意义和理论价值。本文以闽江河口湿地自然保护区为研究对象,运用问卷调查法、访谈法、利益相关者分析法等,以不同利益群体对保护区资源与环境的认知为切入点,探讨闽江河口湿地自然保护区的公共管理,并提出自然保护区公共管理的保障机制。结果表明,闽江河口湿地自然保护区建立后,湿地生态环境整体变好；社区居民参与度低、水污染治理成效不明显、执法力度不够等是现有管理中存在的主要问题。利益相关者分析表明当地社区居民、自然保护区管理者、当地政府为闽江河口湿地自然保护区管理的确定型利益相关者,科研工作者、当地企业为预期型利益相关者,一般社会公众、媒体、旅游开发者、旅游观光者为潜在型利益相关者；各利益相关者冲突类型包括利益冲突类型和观念冲突类型；通过现有管理中存在问题、利益相关者分析,提出以利益共享机制为基础、以筑建闽江河口湿地保护文化为目标的新型管理框架,设计了利益相关者共同治理模式、政府主导下的社区共管模式、政府指导下的市场共管模式,提出了闽江河口湿地自然保护区公共管理的保障机制。
[Abstract]:Wetland has great ecological service value and environmental effect. The purpose of establishing wetland nature reserve is to protect wetland resources and environment and maintain biodiversity. However, after the establishment of the wetland nature reserve, the stakeholders, represented by the community residents, have been greatly restricted in the utilization of wetland resources and environment, and various contradictions and conflicts have occurred constantly. It is of great practical and theoretical value to study how to coordinate the contradiction and conflict between wetland nature reserve and stakeholders, and what management mode to adopt to manage the reserve well, which is of great practical significance and theoretical value to the coordinated development of wetland nature reserve and all stakeholders. This paper takes the Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve as the research object, using questionnaire, interview, stakeholder analysis and so on, taking the cognition of different interest groups to the resources and environment of the reserve as the breakthrough point. This paper probes into the public management of the wetland nature reserve at the mouth of the Minjiang River and puts forward the guarantee mechanism of the public management of the nature reserve. The results show that the wetland ecological environment has become better after the establishment of Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve, the main problems in the existing management are low participation of community residents, low water pollution control effect, insufficient law enforcement and so on. Stakeholder analysis shows that local community residents, natural reserve managers, local governments are identified stakeholders in the management of the Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve, scientific research workers and local enterprises are prospective stakeholders. The general public, media, tourism developers and tourists are potential stakeholders; The types of stakeholder conflicts include the types of conflicts of interest and the types of conflict of ideas; Through existing management problems and stakeholder analysis, this paper puts forward a new management framework based on the benefit sharing mechanism and aims at constructing the protection culture of the Minjiang River estuary wetland, and designs a common governance model of stakeholders. The public management mechanism of Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X36

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