基层政府维稳行为研究

发布时间：2019-06-15 11:36

【摘要】：改革开放以后，我国社会开始由计划经济向市场经济转型。几十年来，经济社会发生了巨大的变化。经济取得了长足的发展，人民生活水平明显提高。但是贫富差距、城乡差距、弱势群体、劳资矛盾等社会问题日益凸显，群体性事件日益频发。面对“稳定压倒一切”，基层政府为了强化维护社会稳定能力，通过设立维稳专项基金，成立专门的维稳机构，从资源整合和组织架构上强化维稳工作；同时，还在领导干部的政绩考核中加入维稳工作实效考察，激励领导干部的维稳积极性。如此，从中央到地方构建了一个立体化的“维稳”庞大机构，从各个方面投入大量的资源，来维持整个社会的稳定和谐。尽管如此，在全国各地，群体性事件仍然时有发生，一些地方的基层干群关系依然不够融洽、比较紧张，导致基层维稳工作陷入“越维稳越不稳”的怪圈。维稳是一项极具中国特色的、被提升到关系国家长治久安层面、带有极强治理色彩的重要工作。而基层维稳又是整个维稳体制的重心和难点，尤其是在社会急剧转型的当代中国，基层维稳过程中公众利益诉求表达行为呈现出“数量扩大、规模增加、行为激烈、诱点多发、涉及面广、对抗性强等特点”。基层政府是维稳的前沿阵地，处在国家治理体系中最为脆弱的节点部位。基层政府的维稳行为直接关系到地方治理的成败。本文一共分为六部分。第一部分为引言。首先阐述本文研究的缘起及其意义，主要从基层维稳陷入“越维越不稳”的怪圈入手引出透视基层政府维稳行为对于破解当前基层社会治理、维护基层稳定具有重要意义。然后在分析大量已有研究文献的基础上，对本文的研究方法、结构安排以及可能的创新之处等进行说明。第二部分是理论基础。论述维稳生成理论中的社会转型理论、压力型体制理论、社会冲突理论、风险社会理论和社会心理理论等子理论，，维稳管理理论又包括政府治理理论、新公共管理理论和政府职能理论。第三部分是基层政府维稳实践样态与运行模式。首先，本文通过对H省四个市县的调查研究，对基层政府维稳现状及问题进行了概括：（1）维稳成本高昂化（2）维稳管理政治化（3）维稳目标短期化（4）维稳责任递增化（5）维稳思维非理性化。其次，提出了当前基层政府维稳所采取两种通用模式：网罗密布的严控型维稳模式和底线防守的绥靖型维稳模式。第四部分是基层政府维稳行为逻辑及后果。首先，阐述市场逻辑、官僚逻辑和公共性逻辑是不同基层政府维稳行为模式背后的三大逻辑进路；其次，认为基层维稳选择“不出事”作为目标是由市场逻辑和官僚逻辑共同形塑的结果，而公共性逻辑才能形塑“良性的社会稳定”的基层维稳目标；再次，指出基层政府压力维稳行为直接导致了基层权宜性治理和维稳内卷化的不利后果。第五部分是基层政府维稳行为的矫治策略。认为基层政府维稳行为应从市场逻辑和官僚逻辑转向公共性逻辑，从“不出事”目标转为良性的社会稳定为目标使命，应从“严控型”和“绥靖型”维稳模式转向法治型维稳模式；应从权宜性治理转向基层善治。从治理与善治出发，构建科学、和谐、长效的基层维稳机制应当从以下方面入手：一是要树立科学的维稳观；二是社会组织有效嵌入基层维稳过程，为基层政府与民众搭建沟通对话平台；三是通过法治保障，将政府维稳和公民维权置于规则和约束的框架内；四是创新社会管理，在基层维稳过程中实现多元共治，五是构建公平正义的基层利益协调机制。第六部分是结论。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening-up, our society began to transform from the planned economy to the market economy. For decades, there has been a great change in the economy and society. The economy has made great progress, and the people's living standard is obviously improved. But the social problems such as the gap between the rich and the poor, the gap between the urban and rural areas, the vulnerable groups and the labor and the labor are becoming more and more prominent. In that face of the "stability and overriding", the grass-roots government, in order to strengthen the ability to maintain social stability, has set up a special maintenance institution through the establishment of a special fund for the maintenance of social stability. To encourage the leadership of the leading cadres. In this way, a three-dimensional "Wei Wen" body is built from the central to the local, and a large amount of resources are invested in all aspects to maintain the stability and harmony of the whole society. Nevertheless, in all parts of the country, the mass incidents still happen, and some local grass-roots dry-group relations are still not harmonious and tense, resulting in the grass-roots stability work falling into the "The more stable, the more unstable it is." 's strange circle. The stability is a very Chinese characteristic, and is promoted to the long-term stability of the state of the relationship, with an extremely strong control color. It is the focus and difficulty of the whole system of stability, especially in the contemporary China with the rapid social transformation. The expression of public interest in the course of the stability of the grass-roots level is" The number is enqueued, the scale is incresed, the behavior is fit, the order point is multiple, the involvulatory is wide, the antagons is strong, and the like. ". The grass-roots government is a stable front-edge position and is the most vulnerable node in the national governance system The stability of the grass-roots government is directly related to the formation of local governance This article is divided into two categories: Part VI. First The part is the introduction. First of all, the origin and significance of this paper are described, mainly from the perspective of the expansion of the level of the basic level, the increase of the scale, the intense behavior, the multiple of the attracting, the wide range of involvement and the strong adversarial nature. It is of great importance. Then, on the basis of the analysis of a large number of existing research documents, the research methods, structural arrangements and possible innovations of this paper And the like. The part is the theoretical foundation. The theory of social transformation, the theory of pressure-type system, the theory of social conflict, the theory of risk society and the theory of social psychology are discussed. The third part is the stability of the grass-roots government. In this paper, the current situation and the problems of the basic government are summarized through the investigation and study of four cities and counties in the province. (1) The high-stability and high-cost (2) dimensional stability management is politicized (3) The stability of the stability is increased (4), and the maintenance responsibility is increased (5 Secondly, the paper puts forward two general models of the current base-level government: the strict control-type and the bottom-line protection that are densely distributed in the net. The fourth part is the base course. First of all, the logic of the market logic, the logic of the bureaucracy and the public logic are the three logical routes behind the state-of-the-job mode of the different grass-roots governments; secondly, it is thought that the basic-level stable-selection "-No, it's" is the target of the market logic and The result of the co-form of the bureaucratic logic, while the public logic can't form the base-level stability goal of the "non-accident"; once again, it is pointed out that the grass-roots government's pressure-stabilizing behavior directly leads to the right-of-the-spot governance of the grass-roots level and the fifth part is It is thought that the basic government should turn to the public logic from the logic of the market and the logic of the bureaucracy, and turn from the goal of "benign social stability" to benign social stability as the target mission, and turn from the non-accident "and the" strict control "to the rule of law-type maintenance mode; From the aspects of governance and good governance, the establishment of a scientific, harmonious and long-lasting base-level maintenance mechanism should be based on the following aspects: one is to set up a scientific view of view, and the other is the effective embedding of the social organization in the course of the stabilization of the grass-roots level as the base The government and the people set up a communication dialogue platform; third, through the guarantee of the rule of law, the government's stability and the citizen's rights are put in the framework of rules and constraints; the fourth is to innovate the social management, to realize the multiple co-treatment in the course of the stability of the grass-roots level, and the fifth is to build the grass-roots of fair and justice
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D625

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