论上下级法院审判业务关系

发布时间：2018-02-23 04:55

本文关键词： 上下级法院审判业务监督指导行政　出处：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国的上下级法院关系是一个宪法法律规定的“应然关系”与实际生活中的“实然关系”差异较大的关系。它是关涉司法权在国家权力中的地位和构架这一宏观层面(宪政层)的重大理论问题,是不同层级的司法权在职能定位、资源配置及权力运行过程的中观层面的机制改革问题,又是各层级法官每天面临的微观层面问题。实践中,我国四级法院之间的上下级法院关系之间涉及面广,有政务、财务、事务、人事、业务等,其中上下级法院审判业务关系随着法院审判活动的日趋发展显得更加突出。目前在上下级法院的审判业务关系中,无论是发回重审、案件请示,还是内审程序、审判绩效考评等,每一个单独的问题都值得深入思考,但又彼此相互关联,需要放在审判业务关系的大背景下进行系统、整合性研究,以对这些单独问题的思考和把握更具有广阔的视野。我国的法院系统设置属于一元制,纵向上全国法院从中央到地方共分四级,横向上法院设立按照行政区域进行,法院的地方性十分明显。中国的上下级法院关系特别是审判业务关系,与它的域外同行相比,显得更有难度:是一个“剪不断理还乱”的关系。《宪法》和《人民法院组织法》规定,人民法院依法独立行使审判权。从法律规定看,各级人民法院在法律地位上是彼此独立的,只是在审判业务上有监督与被监督的关系。上级法院在政策统一、理念导向、人事调整、司法保障、绩效评估、考核奖惩等方面的决定权、管理权、支配权,使得上下级法院间的审判业务关系中不可避免地揉入了各种行政化手段,如领导、管理、指挥、协调、控制、请示、汇报等。
[Abstract]:The relationship between the higher and lower courts in China is a macroscopic relationship between the "ought to be" and the "real" in real life, which concerns the position and structure of the judicial power in the state power. Major theoretical issues at the constitutional level, It is the problem of mechanism reform in the process of function orientation, resource allocation and power operation of judicial power at different levels, and it is also the micro-level problem that judges at different levels face every day. The relationship between the higher and lower courts in China's four levels of courts involves a wide range of issues, including government affairs, finance, affairs, personnel, business, etc. Among them, the judicial professional relationship between the upper and lower courts becomes more prominent with the increasing development of the court's trial activities. At present, in the trial business relations of the upper and lower courts, whether it is referred back to trial, the case requests instructions, or the internal trial procedure, Trial performance evaluation, each individual issue is worth in-depth thinking, but also interrelated with each other, need to be placed in the trial business relationship under the background of the system, integration research, In order to think and grasp these individual issues, we have a broader vision. The court system in our country belongs to a monistic system. Vertically, the courts of the whole country are divided into four levels from the central to the local levels, and the courts are set up horizontally according to the administrative regions. The local nature of the court is very obvious. Compared with its overseas counterparts, China's relations between the higher and lower courts, especially the judicial business relations, It is even more difficult: it is a relationship of "incessant reason and chaos." the Constitution and the Organic Law of the people's Court stipulate that the people's court shall exercise its judicial power independently according to law. The people's courts at all levels are independent of each other in their legal status, and only have a relationship between supervision and supervision in judicial practice. The higher courts have a unified policy, idealistic orientation, personnel adjustment, judicial protection, and performance evaluation. The power of decision, management and power of control in the examination of rewards and punishments make it inevitable that various administrative means such as leadership, management, command, coordination, control, request and report are involved in the trial business relationship between the higher and lower courts.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.2

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