S农村商业银行小额贷款扶贫绩效研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 20:19

本文选题：农村商业银行　切入点：小额贷款　出处：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国农村贫困问题长期以来受到党和国家高度关注,2015年底中共中央将实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫战略写入十三五规划中,改善人民生活、实现全面脱贫是全面建成小康社会的基础,也是实现中华民族伟大复兴的保障。在众多扶贫方法中,小额贷款无疑是较为有效的一种。小额贷款解决了贫困人群的融资问题,依据资本机制,从资金层面向贫困人群提供支持,使他们不受资金约束,进而培养他们的自我发展能力,并最终在此基础上实现脱贫。然而在现实情况中,作为承担小额贷款扶贫主体的农村商业银行由于利益驱使出现目标偏离现象。合理评价农村商业银行小额贷款的扶贫绩效,提升农村商业银行小额贷款的扶贫效果将是精准扶贫背景下扶贫开发工作的有益补充。本文以S农村商业银行在小额贷款扶贫上的实践探索为样本。首先从理论的视角出发,对小额贷款扶贫的理论内涵进行清晰的界定,以公共产品理论、金融约束理论和金融排斥理论为基础,建立起一个小额贷款扶贫的理论分析框架,并据此从理论上分析小额贷款扶贫的机制。其次,在概述S农商行小额贷款扶贫的基本情况之后,利用S农商行小额贷款贫困农户数据对当地贫困农户的农业生产等情况进行分析,总结S农商行小额贷款扶贫的效果与不足。在理论分析与案例分析的基础上,利用福利评价模型,从贫困农户获得S农商行小额贷款后福利水平变化的角度评价S农商行小额贷款扶贫绩效,研究表明:贫困农户的福利水平在S农商行小额贷款的作用下得到显著的提升,农户的贫困问题明显有所改善。S农商行通过提高小额贷款投入弥补了农业投入和农业生产率提高之间的存量缺口,有效帮助贫困农户脱贫致富。为推进S农商行更好地服务“三农”,提升S农商行小额贷款的扶贫效果,本文总结形成可操作性的政策建议,在优化S农商行小额贷款扶贫的内部环境方面需要做到明确小额贷款目标定位,降低贫困农户贷款成本;延伸小额贷款支持领域,完善小额贷款操作机制;建设信用管理机制,强化贷后监督。在改善S农商行小额贷款扶贫的外部环境方面需要做到:提升小额贷款认知,加强小额贷款宣传;强化小额贷款引导,建立动态激励机制;加强小额贷款政策支持,推进全面脱贫。
[Abstract]:The problem of rural poverty in China has long been highly concerned by the Party and the state. At the end of 2015, the CPC Central Committee has written the strategy of precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty relief into the 13th Five-Year Plan to improve the people's living standards. To achieve an overall eradication of poverty is the basis for building a well-off society in an all-round way and a guarantee for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Among the many methods of poverty alleviation, microfinance is undoubtedly a more effective one. Microfinance solves the financing problem of the poor. Based on the capital mechanism, support is provided to the poor at the financial level so that they are not subject to financial constraints, thus developing their capacity for self-development and ultimately achieving poverty eradication on this basis. However, in reality, The rural commercial bank, as the main body of the poverty alleviation of small loans, has the phenomenon of target deviation because of the interest, and reasonably evaluates the poverty alleviation performance of the rural commercial bank. Improving the anti-poverty effect of micro-credit in rural commercial banks will be a useful supplement to poverty alleviation and development in the context of precision poverty alleviation. This paper takes the practice of S rural commercial banks in the poverty alleviation of micro-loans as a sample. First of all, from the perspective of theory, On the basis of public goods theory, financial constraint theory and financial exclusion theory, a theoretical analysis framework of microfinance poverty alleviation is established. Based on this, the mechanism of poverty alleviation by micro-credit is analyzed theoretically. Secondly, after summarizing the basic situation of poverty alleviation in small loans by S Agricultural and Commercial Bank, This paper analyzes the situation of agricultural production of poor farmers in local areas by using the data of poor farmers in small loans of S Agricultural and Commercial Bank, and summarizes the effects and shortcomings of poverty alleviation of small loans in small loans of S agricultural firms. On the basis of theoretical analysis and case study, the paper analyzes the poverty reduction of the poor farmers in the rural areas. By using the welfare evaluation model, this paper evaluates the poverty alleviation performance of S agricultural firm from the perspective of welfare level change after the poor farmers get S farm firm's small loans. The study shows that the welfare level of poor farmers has been significantly improved under the role of small loans from S farm firms. The problem of peasant household poverty has obviously improved .S agribusiness bank has made up the gap between agricultural input and agricultural productivity increase by increasing the input of small loans. In order to promote S agricultural firms to better serve agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and to enhance the poverty alleviation effect of small loans, this paper summarizes and forms operable policy recommendations. In order to optimize the internal environment of small loans, we need to define the target of small loans, reduce the cost of loans for poor farmers, extend the field of support for small loans, improve the operational mechanism of small loans, and build credit management mechanism. Strengthen the supervision after loan. In order to improve the external environment of poverty alleviation, we need to improve the understanding of small loans, strengthen the propaganda of small loans, strengthen the guidance of small loans, and establish dynamic incentive mechanism. We will strengthen the policy support for small loans and promote the overall eradication of poverty.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.4;F323.8

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