触觉显示系统编码方式对通航飞行操作绩效的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 22:31

本文选题：飞行安全 + 通航飞行　；参考：《中国民航大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年,空中失控与驾驶员分心等曾较为次要的飞行安全问题,其影响正逐渐凸显,已成为民航,尤其是通用航空飞行事故的重要因素,亟待解决。为此,借鉴美国军方针对军事飞行员开发的触觉情景意识系统,结合民用航空,尤其是通航的飞行特点,设计制作一套用于模拟飞行实验的触觉显示系统硬件,并开发配套的软件。经过预实验调试各编码参数,确立三种将飞行参数转化为触觉刺激信号的编码方式。同时设计并实施了一套基于模拟飞行设备的飞行绩效检验场景,在该场景下由飞行学员参与试用不同的触觉显示系统的编码方式。通过对比各编码方式下飞行员所表现出的飞行操纵绩效,以及飞行员的主观评分,发现较为简单的直接模式与包线警告模式在绝大部分情况下对飞行操纵绩效的提升有最佳效果,而垂直速度模式在其适用时对垂直方向上的操纵绩效提升相比直接模式更为有利。但飞行指引模式由于严重依赖自动驾驶的设置,因此在手动飞行过程中不仅无法提升操纵绩效,反而相比控制组有所降低。研究表明触觉显示系统在较为简单明确,且具有足够灵敏度的编码方式下,可以显著改善通航飞行员飞行中的操纵绩效。对减少空中失控,降低驾驶员分心的危害具有积极作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, flight safety problems, such as runaway in the air and distraction of pilots, have become more and more important in civil aviation, especially in general aviation accidents.Therefore, referring to the tactile situational awareness system developed by the US military for military pilots and combining the characteristics of civil aviation, especially navigation, the hardware of a tactile display system for simulating flight experiments is designed and manufactured.And the development of supporting software.Three coding methods of transforming flight parameters into tactile stimuli signal were established by debugging the coding parameters.At the same time, a flight performance test scene based on simulated flight equipment is designed and implemented, in which flight cadets participate in testing different coding methods of tactile display system.By comparing the pilots' performance of flight control and the subjective scores of the pilots under different coding methods,It was found that simple direct mode and envelope warning mode had the best effect on flight control performance improvement in most cases.The vertical velocity mode is more advantageous than the direct mode in improving the vertical performance.However, the flight guidance mode relies heavily on the setting of autopilot, so it is not only unable to improve the control performance during manual flight, but also decreases compared with the control group.The research shows that the tactile display system can significantly improve the maneuvering performance of the pilot in flight with a simple and clear coding method with sufficient sensitivity.It has a positive effect on reducing the loss of control in the air and the harm of driver's distraction.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V323;V243.6

【参考文献】