我国地方政府绩效评估中的公民参与问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 00:48

本文选题：地方政府 + 绩效评估　；参考：《吉林财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球化盛行的当代世界,多数国家已经把公民参与作为重要环节引入本国地方政府绩效评估管理实践中,公民参与已经成为了各国革新政府管理方法的有效手段之一,因此各国都很重视公民参与这一环节在地方政府绩效评估中所起的关键性作用。随着各国重塑政府改革运动的兴起,政府绩效评估在20世纪90年代中期进入了一个全新的阶段,即重点从最初的单纯以追求经济效率为中心逐渐调整为以追求“顾客满意”、质量和公共服务为中心。从与国际接轨的角度来看,当前在我国全面深化政府绩效考核的改革进程中,公民参与问题始终是地方政府绩效评估中非常重要环节,或者可以说是不可或缺的一环。公民是地方政府服务面对的最主要对象,也是各类公共产品和公共服务的重要的消费和服务群体,因此公民的满意程度可以当成是政府工作优劣的一个考核指标,公民参与地方政府绩效评估不仅是绩效评估的重要评估主体,也是关键力量,而且还可以监督地方政府是否在绩效评估过程中起到实质性的作用。本文的行文结构首先是从问题导向着手,阐述公民参与地方政府绩效评估等基本概念和新公共服务理论等基本概念理论;其次从绩效评估的工具理性和价值理性整合、地方政府职能履行、建设服务型政府、提高评估质量这四方面来具体分析现阶段公民参与地方政府绩效评估的必然性;然后从发展状况和实践状况两方面阐明我国的基本状况,由此详细分析我国政府绩效评估中公民参与存在的问题,包括参与意识不强且能力有限、参与范围狭窄且程度有限、参与成本较高且效果不佳和参与方式走样且沟通不畅,产生这些问题的主要原因有我国公民社会建设尚未成熟、传统政治文化的不良影响、相关法律法规的不完善和绩效评估制度不健全,这说明我国在公民参与这一领域还需要继续完善;再次介绍了美国、英国等发达国家开展公民参与的实践环境和积累的经验,要想缩小与发达国家之间的差距就要做到取其精华,洋为中用;最后一部分集中针对我国具体现状提出一系列有针对性的建议和应对措施,主要从公民参与者、政府自身、法律制度、社会基础和文化环境五个角度进行阐述。公民参与地方政府绩效评估是一个系统性的工程,需要多方共同协作推进。在我国全面深化改革的过程中,构建公民满意的服务型政府不仅是广大公民的期望,也是地方政府工作的方向,因此改进公民参与方式势在必行。
[Abstract]:In the contemporary world where globalization is prevailing, most countries have introduced citizen participation as an important link in their local government performance evaluation and management practice, and citizen participation has become one of the effective means of innovating government management methods. Therefore, all countries attach importance to the key role of citizen participation in local government performance evaluation. With the rise of the movement of reshaping government reform in various countries, government performance evaluation entered a new stage in the mid-1990s, that is, the emphasis gradually changed from the initial focus on the pursuit of economic efficiency to the pursuit of "customer satisfaction". Quality and public service are central. From the perspective of international integration, in the process of comprehensively deepening the reform of government performance appraisal, citizen participation is always a very important link in local government performance evaluation, or it can be said to be an indispensable part. Citizens are the most important objects of local government services, and they are also important consumers and service groups of all kinds of public goods and public services. Therefore, the degree of satisfaction of citizens can be regarded as an assessment index for the merits and demerits of government work. Citizen participation in local government performance evaluation is not only an important subject of performance evaluation, but also a key force, and can also monitor whether the local government plays a substantive role in the process of performance evaluation. The structure of this paper begins with problem-oriented, expounds the basic concepts of citizen participation in local government performance evaluation and new public service theory, and then integrates the instrumental rationality and value rationality of performance evaluation. This paper analyzes the inevitability of citizen participation in the performance evaluation of local government from four aspects: fulfilling the function of local government, building service-oriented government and improving the quality of evaluation, and then expounding the basic situation of our country from the two aspects of development and practice. This paper analyzes in detail the problems of citizen participation in the performance evaluation of our government, including the lack of participation consciousness and limited ability, the narrow and limited scope of participation, the high cost and poor effect of participation, the absence of participation and poor communication. The main reasons for these problems are that the construction of civil society in our country is not mature, the bad influence of traditional political culture, the imperfection of relevant laws and regulations, and the imperfect performance evaluation system. This shows that our country still needs to continue to improve in the field of citizen participation. Once again, it introduces the practice environment and accumulated experience of the United States, the United Kingdom and other developed countries in carrying out citizen participation. In order to narrow the gap with the developed countries, we must take the essence of it and make foreign countries work for the best. The last part focuses on a series of targeted suggestions and countermeasures aimed at the specific situation of our country, mainly from the citizen participants and the government itself. Legal system, social foundation and cultural environment are elaborated from five angles. Citizen participation in local government performance evaluation is a systematic project, which needs to be promoted by cooperation. In the process of deepening the reform in an all-round way, it is not only the expectation of the citizens but also the direction of the local government to build a service-oriented government which is satisfied with the citizens, so it is imperative to improve the way of citizen participation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D621.5

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