基于员工安全感知的煤矿安全文化评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 13:59

【摘要】：安全文化是企业生产运营发展的重要组成部分,是企业安全生产工作的重要保障。近年来,煤矿企业安全文化的研究逐渐成为热点,但是根据近些年煤矿企业事故发生情况及调查结果得知,其安全文化建设成效并不理想,安全文化“落地难”问题一直普遍存在,通过分析研究得出企业安全文化“落地难”的原因:首先,更多的注重了安全文化建设理念的提出,并没有深入透彻的去全面落实,领导层对员工提出了安全文化建设的一些口号,但是并没有从员工的角度去很好的实施,从而导致员工并没有感受到企业安全文化的建设成效;其次,企业虽然一直在进行安全文化建设,但是缺少一套系统的理论指导体系,未能形成有效的测量指标。在基于安全文化“落地难”原因的基础上,提出了员工安全感知,国内学者对安全感知的研究主要集中在游客、顾客等群体上,因此本文将从煤矿企业员工的安全感知出发,借鉴感知理论对煤矿企业的安全文化做进一步研究。首先,明确了从安全感知角度出发研究企业安全文化的必要性,借鉴知觉、感觉的研究理论,构建了员工安全感知、员工安全行为及企业安全文化之间的关系模型;其中员工安全感知包括了组织环境与个人状况两个维度,员工安全行为包括了安全行为意向与安全行为两个维度,安全文化包括了安全绩效、煤矿百万吨死亡率和员工对安全文化的重视程度三个方面的维度,问卷调查的设计从每个方面的各个维度出发。该模型的构建为后续的研究打下了坚实的基础,能够为煤矿企业安全文化的研究起到指导性作用。在模型的基础上,构建了基于员工安全感知的企业安全文化评价指标体系,共包括组织环境、个人状况、员工个体行为、安全概念文化等四个一级指标,劳动环境、工作氛围、人文环境、受教育程度、安全意识、情绪管理、行为习惯、制度执行、隐患排查、安全价值观、安全绩效、领导层承诺等14个二级指标。在研究方法的选择上,本文选取了适合多因素分析的结构方程模型,在国内外调查量表研究的基础上,围绕已经构建的评价指标体系,编制问卷调查,最终确立了 18个调研问题,对回收的调查问卷运用SPSS数据统计软件对其进行效度及信度分析,结果显示,问卷的信度及效度均可接受,并对模型进行了验证性的分析,最终确定了合理的安全感知与企业安全文化之间的路径系数图,并验证了此前所提出的假设,最后根据调查问卷所得分值和各路径系数,对所调查煤矿的安全文化水平做出评价,结果显示,该煤矿的安全文化状况还有待提高。
[Abstract]:Safety culture is an important part of the development of enterprise production and operation, and an important guarantee of enterprise production safety. In recent years, the research on safety culture of coal mining enterprises has gradually become a hot spot. However, according to the accident situation and investigation results of coal mine enterprises in recent years, the result of safety culture construction is not ideal. The problem of "landing difficulty" in safety culture has always existed. Through analysis and research, the reasons of "landing difficulty" in enterprise safety culture are obtained. Firstly, more attention has been paid to putting forward the concept of safety culture construction, and it has not been thoroughly and thoroughly implemented. The leadership has put forward some slogans on the construction of a safety culture for the staff, but it has not been implemented very well from the perspective of the staff, which has resulted in the staff not feeling the effectiveness of the construction of the safety culture in the enterprise; secondly, Although the enterprise has been carrying on the construction of safety culture, it lacks a set of systematic theoretical guidance system, and fails to form an effective measurement index. Based on the reason that safety culture is difficult to land, this paper puts forward the safety perception of employees. Domestic scholars mainly focus on tourists, customers and other groups, so this paper will start from the safety perception of employees in coal mining enterprises. Use the theory of perception for reference to further study the safety culture of coal mining enterprises. Firstly, the necessity of studying corporate safety culture from the perspective of safety perception is clarified, and the relationship model between employee safety perception, employee safety behavior and corporate safety culture is constructed by referring to the research theory of perception and feeling. Employee safety perception includes two dimensions: organizational environment and personal condition, employee safety behavior includes safety behavior intention and safety behavior, and safety culture includes safety performance. There are three dimensions of coal mine mortality rate per million tons and the importance of safety culture. The design of the questionnaire is based on each dimension of each aspect. The construction of the model lays a solid foundation for the follow-up study and can play a guiding role in the study of safety culture in coal mining enterprises. On the basis of the model, an evaluation index system of enterprise safety culture based on employee safety perception is constructed, which includes four first-level indicators, including organizational environment, personal condition, employee's individual behavior, safety concept culture, working environment and working atmosphere. Humane environment, education level, safety consciousness, emotion management, behavior habit, system execution, hidden trouble check, safety value, safety performance, leadership commitment, etc. On the choice of research methods, this paper selects the structural equation model suitable for multi-factor analysis, and based on the research of domestic and foreign investigation scale, compiles the questionnaire survey around the evaluation index system that has been constructed. Finally, 18 research questions were established, and the validity and reliability of the collected questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS data statistic software. The results showed that the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were acceptable, and the model was validated. Finally, the path coefficient map between reasonable safety perception and corporate safety culture is determined, and the hypothesis is verified. Finally, according to the questionnaire score and each path coefficient, The safety culture level of the investigated coal mine is evaluated, and the result shows that the safety culture condition of the coal mine needs to be improved.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD79

【参考文献】