在经济学视角下—信用缺失现象、原因及对策研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 11:56

【摘要】：我国日益严重的信用缺失问题已经严重阻碍了我国经济社会的可持续健康发展,也引起了社会的广泛关注。而且,我国的信用缺失问题从主体角度来看,表现为多个维度交织在一起,个人信用缺失、企业信用缺失和政府信用缺失是我国社会信用缺失的三个主要方面,这三个方面的信用缺失相互作用、交织在一起,使得我国的信用缺失问题变得更加复杂。本文拟对我国的信用缺失问题进行研究,首先通过阅读现有文献,发现研究我国信用缺失的主要文献所选取的研究视角当中,以经济学视角来研究的文献较少。为了弥补这部分研究空白,本文以经济学的视角来研究我国的信用缺失问题。首先,本文着重分析了个人信用缺失、企业信用缺失和政府信用缺失的主要表现,其中个人信用缺失选取了当前比较典型的两个现象问题,即“扶老被讹”现象和大学生信用缺失问题。然后分析了企业和政府的信用缺失表现。第三章主要分析了我国信用缺失问题带来的各种负面影响,以此来强调对该问题研究的必要性,且为后文分析我国信用缺失的原因做好准备。在分析个人、企业和政府的信用缺失问题背后的原因时,本文主要从经济学的角度对其进行分析,其中对政府信用缺失原因建立了一个经济学理论模型。通过分析得出,个人信用缺失的主要原因在于媒体的舆论宣传引导扭曲作用、社会信用激励机制的不完善、我国特色的独生子女政策等原因。企业信用缺失的主要原因是成本收益核算导致行为主体选择守信或失信的不同行为取向,信息不对称的劣驱优行为以及机会主义原因和确定效应和损失规避的引导。政府信用缺失的主要原因由模型推导而来,主要为政府职能为实现有效转型,社会公众的意愿难以反映在政府的效用函数当中,政府的绩效考核机制存在漏洞。本文最后针对我国信用缺失的原因提出了相应的对策建议,以期对解决我国的信用缺失问题提供一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The increasingly serious problem of lack of credit in our country has seriously hindered the sustainable and healthy development of our country's economy and society, and has also aroused widespread concern of the society. Moreover, from the perspective of the subject, the problem of lack of credit in our country is characterized by the interweaving of several dimensions. The lack of personal credit, the lack of enterprise credit and the lack of government credit are the three main aspects of the lack of social credit in our country. The credit deficiency of these three aspects interacts and interweaves, which makes the problem of credit deficiency more complicated. This paper intends to study the problem of credit deficiency in China. Firstly, by reading the existing literature, we find that the main research perspective of credit deficiency in our country is less than that in economics. In order to make up this part of the research blank, this article studies our country's credit deficiency question from the economic angle of view. First of all, this paper focuses on the analysis of the main manifestations of the lack of personal credit, the lack of enterprise credit and the lack of government credit, in which the two typical phenomena of the lack of personal credit are selected. That is, the phenomenon of "helping the elderly to be mistaken" and the problem of lack of credit for college students. Then it analyzes the lack of credit performance of enterprises and governments. The third chapter mainly analyzes the negative effects brought by the problem of lack of credit in China, so as to emphasize the necessity of research on the problem, and to prepare for the analysis of the reasons for the lack of credit in China. In the analysis of the reasons behind the lack of credit of individuals, enterprises and governments, this paper mainly analyzes it from the angle of economics, and establishes an economic theoretical model for the reasons of the lack of government credit. It is concluded that the main reasons for the lack of personal credit lie in the distorted function of media propaganda and guidance, the imperfect social credit incentive mechanism, the one-child policy with Chinese characteristics, and so on. The main reasons for the lack of enterprise credit are the different behavior orientations of the behavior of keeping or dishonesty due to the cost and income accounting, the bad driving behavior of asymmetric information, the opportunism reason and the guidance of deterministic effect and loss avoidance. The main reasons for the lack of government credit are derived from the model, mainly for the effective transformation of government functions, the will of the public is difficult to reflect in the utility function of the government, and there are loopholes in the performance evaluation mechanism of the government. At the end of this paper, the author puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problem of credit deficiency in China.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F203

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