糖尿病患者移动医疗服务的使用意愿及其影响因素调查

发布时间：2018-08-16 13:45

【摘要】：目的了解糖尿病患者对移动医疗服务的使用意愿及其影响因素,为糖尿病乃至慢性病管理类移动医疗行业发展提供参考依据。方法选取2016年6—8月在广州市某大型三级甲等综合医院内分泌科门诊就诊及住院的糖尿病患者250例。采用自行设计问卷进行调查,问卷内容包括糖尿病患者的基本情况、糖尿病移动医疗认知情况、糖尿病移动医疗使用意愿评价量表(包括绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响、感知威胁、健康信念、感知风险、使用意愿7个因素)。共发放问卷250份,回收有效问卷243份,问卷有效回收率为97.2%。结果 243例患者中,仅50例(20.6%)听说过糖尿病移动医疗;39例(16.0%)了解可以通过移动医疗管理糖尿病;11例(4.5%)使用过糖尿病移动医疗服务。糖尿病移动医疗使用意愿评价量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.892,各因素的Cronbach'sα系数为0.868~0.980。主成分分析提取特征值1的因子数为7,与量表设计的7个因素完全吻合,累计方差贡献率达76.178%。不同年龄、学历、月收入患者努力期望得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同学历患者社会影响得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同性别、学历、月收入患者感知威胁得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同学历患者健康信念得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同年龄患者感知风险得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同学历、月收入患者使用意愿得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同糖尿病类型、糖尿病病程及是否合并糖尿病并发症患者努力期望得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。是否合并糖尿病并发症患者社会影响得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同糖尿病类型患者健康信念得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同糖尿病类型患者感知风险得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,努力期望、社会影响、感知风险是患者使用意愿的影响因素(P0.05)。结论糖尿病患者对移动医疗服务的认知程度较低,使用意愿存在个体差异;努力期望、社会影响正向影响使用意愿,感知风险负向影响使用意愿。加强宣传,提高患者认知水平;优化设计,兼顾患者不同需求将有助于提高糖尿病患者对移动医疗服务的使用意愿。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the willingness of diabetes patients to use mobile medical service and its influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for the development of diabetes mellitus and chronic disease management mobile medical industry. Methods 250 cases of diabetes mellitus were selected from June to August 2016 in Department of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou Grade 3A General Hospital. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic situation of diabetic patients, the cognition of diabetes mobile medical treatment, the evaluation scale of willingness to use diabetes mobile medical treatment (including performance expectation, effort expectation, social impact, etc.) Perceived threats, health beliefs, perceived risks, and use intention were seven factors. A total of 250 questionnaires were sent out, 243 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 97.2%. Results of 243 patients, only 50 (20.6%) had heard of mobile diabetic medical treatment. 39 cases (16.0%) knew that 11 patients (4.5%) could manage diabetes mellitus by mobile medical treatment. The Cronbach's 伪 coefficient and Cronbach's 伪 coefficient of diabetes mobile medical willingness evaluation scale were 0.892and 0.868 卤0.980, respectively. The factor number of characteristic value 1 extracted by principal component analysis was 7, which coincided with the 7 factors designed by the scale, and the cumulative contribution rate of variance was 76.178%. Different age, educational background, monthly income patients effort expectation score comparison, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Social impact scores of patients with different educational background were compared, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The perceived threat scores of patients with different gender, academic background and monthly income were significantly different (P0.05). The scores of health belief of patients with different educational background were significantly different (P0.05). The perceived risk scores of patients with different ages were significantly different (P0.05). Different educational background, monthly income patients use intention score comparison, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). There were significant differences in the score of effort expectation between the patients with different types of diabetes, the course of diabetes and whether they were complicated with diabetic complications (P0.05). There was significant difference in social impact scores of patients with diabetic complications (P0.05). The scores of health belief in patients with different type of diabetes were significantly different (P0.05). The scores of perceived risk in patients with different types of diabetes were significantly different (P0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that effort expectation, social impact and perceived risk were the influencing factors of patients' willingness to use (P0.05). Conclusion Diabetic patients have low cognition of mobile medical service and individual differences in their willingness to use, and strive to expect that social influence positively affects use intention and perceived risk negatively affects use intention. [WT5HZ] [WT5 "HZ] [WT5" BZ] [WT5 "BZ] Strengthening publicity, improving patients' cognitive level, optimizing design and taking account of patients' different needs will help to improve the willingness of patients with diabetes to use mobile medical services.
【作者单位】：南方医科大学珠江医院;南方医科大学南方医院;南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院;广东省疾病预防控制中心
【基金】：广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2015A030313708) 广州市健康医疗协同创新重大专项(201604020016) 广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2016003)
【分类号】：R587.1

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