公共基础设施建设中的PPP模式研究

发布时间：2018-08-30 16:14

【摘要】：近年来,我国基础设施建设正在加速发展,国家对于公共基础设施的建设也日渐重视和加强,城市公共基础设施是政府部门利用公共预算收入为市民提供的产品和服务,是市民生存所必须具备的,为城市经济社会发展和人民文化生活提供基本的保障。城市公共基础设施属于公共产品,理所当然由公共部门投资兴建,但随着城镇化的快速推进,大量的人口转移市民化,城市基础设施建设已跟不上时代发展的步伐,需要大量的资金投入,而政府财税收入不足以满足投资需要。另一方面,改革开放近四十年,市场经济作用下,社会资本迅速发展,为手中握有大量资本的私营企业主参与公共基础设施项目奠定了经济基础,推动着一些私营企业主开始对基础设施的投资产生强烈兴趣。在这样的社会背景下,政府部门和社会资本一拍即合,公私合作制(PPP)已经成为一条推进公用事业市场化改革的有效途径,公私合作制(PPP)改革越来越引起我国重视。PPP模式与其他融资模式相比优势更明显,适用范围更广,随着市场经济发展在基础设施建设中引入这种新的融资模式就具备了客观条件。私营企业在几十年的管理中积累的经验在基础设施领域有了用武之地,引入PPP模式既可以吸引社会投资又能利用他们的管理优势,为加快基础设施建设以满足人们日益增长的物质文化需求。本文结合当前社会环境下PPP模式正引起全社会的高度关注,分析了公共基础设施的属性和PPP模式的优缺点,通过对PPP模式的归纳梳理,详细说明了PPP模式下各种分类型的特点。本文认为公共基础设施建设资金不足和效率使用低下两个方面说明了引入PPP模式的必要性,从融资、制度、管理和实践四个方面说明阐明了PPP模式的可行性,能否在实践中充分利用这种新的模式,关键在于怎么用好这一工具。通过对当下运行现状和存在问题的分析,再结合英国、加拿大、澳大利亚三个国家的经验,总结出做好PPP应该把握以下几点:一是政府部门转变角色,为社会资本创造良好的政策平台;二是完善法律法规,为社会资本创造公平的运营环境;三是建立绩效评估和监督管理机制,为双方协作发挥效能奠定基础;四是制定合理的利益和风险分担机制,确立了“由最能控制该风险发生的一方承担的原则”。随着PPP模式的应用实践不断深化,希望我国政府对PPP模式进行顶层设计,将此模式在我国快速推广开来。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's infrastructure construction is accelerating its development, the state has increasingly attached importance to the construction of public infrastructure, urban public infrastructure is the use of public budgetary revenue for the public to provide products and services, is necessary for the survival of citizens, urban economic and social development and people's cultural life. Urban public infrastructure belongs to public goods and is invested and constructed by the public sector. However, with the rapid urbanization, a large number of people have been transferred to the public. Urban infrastructure construction has not kept pace with the development of the times, and needs a large amount of capital investment, and the government revenue from finance and taxation is not enough to meet the investment needs. On the other hand, in the past forty years of reform and opening up, under the influence of market economy, social capital has developed rapidly, which has laid an economic foundation for private entrepreneurs who hold a large amount of capital to participate in public infrastructure projects, and promoted some private entrepreneurs to begin to have a strong interest in infrastructure investment. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) has become an effective way to promote the market-oriented reform of public utilities. The reform of PPP has attracted more and more attention in China. Compared with other financing modes, PPP mode has more obvious advantages and wider scope of application. With the development of market economy, it has been introduced into infrastructure construction. The experience accumulated by private enterprises in decades of management has a useful place in the field of infrastructure. The introduction of PPP model can not only attract social investment but also take advantage of their management advantages, in order to speed up infrastructure construction to meet people's growing material and cultural needs. This paper analyzes the attributes of public infrastructure and the merits and demerits of PPP mode, and expounds in detail the characteristics of various types of PPP mode by summarizing and combing the PPP mode. This paper illustrates the necessity of introducing the PPP model from four aspects: financing, system, management and practice, and expounds the feasibility of the PPP model. The key to making full use of this new model in practice lies in how to use this tool. The experiences of the three countries are summarized as follows: firstly, government departments should change their roles to create a good policy platform for social capital; secondly, improve laws and regulations to create a fair operating environment for social capital; thirdly, establish a performance evaluation and supervision management mechanism to lay a foundation for the two sides to cooperate and play an effective role; fourthly, improve the laws and regulations to create a fair operating environment for social capital; It is hoped that the top-level design of the PPP model will be carried out by the Chinese government and this model will be rapidly popularized in China.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F283

【参考文献】