项目治国和政府绩效:从县乡村治理切入
发布时间：2018-09-19 17:51
【摘要】：在现行制度下,县乡村三级干部的工作的主要方式是项目分包制和指标责任制。两个方式综合起来就是以项目的方式来激励和组织整个经济社会的发展,并以项目的成效来对项目中的干部进行奖励和惩罚。主流的学术界对于项目治国基本持否定的态度,认为项目治国不能达到项目启动者的意图,甚至完全背离项目启动者所希望的方向。财政专项经常被视为否定项目治国的经典案例。但是在更大的历史视野中来看,项目治国也许没有完全达到启动者的意图,但是却在传统的科层制社会治理机制之外,开辟了一条新的激励地方政府自下而上竞争的社会治理机制。中央政府通过项目治国,实现了中央意识形态和权力的集中,并在县乡村中产生了有效的激励,极大地提高了政府绩效。项目治国之所以能够大行其道,有四个前提:一是政府的分级治理;二是转型时期的绩效合法性;三是中国经济长期高速发展和中央财力持续增长;四是中国拥有中国共产党这一强有力的先进性政党强力推动。四个前提决定了中国经济社会中能持续推行项目治国这一个与传统科层制并行的社会治理机制。当然,针对项目制所导致的条条寻租和基层政府债务等问题,也必须予以重视并加以完善解决。
[Abstract]:Under the present system, the main ways of work of county and village cadres are project subcontracting system and index responsibility system. The two ways are to encourage and organize the development of the whole economy and society by the way of project, and reward and punish the cadres in the project by the result of the project. The mainstream academic circles hold a negative attitude towards the project governance, and think that the project governance can not achieve the intention of the project initiator, or even completely deviate from the direction that the project initiator wants. Financial projects are often seen as a classic case of negating project governance. But in a larger historical perspective, project governance may not be exactly the intention of the initiator, but it is outside the traditional hierarchy of social governance mechanisms. Opened up a new social governance mechanism to encourage local governments to compete from bottom to top. The central government has realized the centralization of ideology and power through the project, and has produced effective incentives in the counties and villages, which has greatly improved the performance of the government. There are four prerequisites for the success of project governance: first, the hierarchical governance of the government; second, the legitimacy of performance during the transition period; third, the long-term rapid development of the Chinese economy and the sustained growth of the central financial resources; Fourth, China has the Communist Party of China, a powerful advanced party strongly promoted. Four presuppositions determine the sustainable implementation of project governance in Chinese economy and society, a social governance mechanism parallel to the traditional hierarchy system. Of course, the problems of rent-seeking and grass-roots government debt caused by project system must be paid more attention to and solved.
【作者单位】： 中共中央党校政法部;
【分类号】：D630
本文编号：2250884
[Abstract]:Under the present system, the main ways of work of county and village cadres are project subcontracting system and index responsibility system. The two ways are to encourage and organize the development of the whole economy and society by the way of project, and reward and punish the cadres in the project by the result of the project. The mainstream academic circles hold a negative attitude towards the project governance, and think that the project governance can not achieve the intention of the project initiator, or even completely deviate from the direction that the project initiator wants. Financial projects are often seen as a classic case of negating project governance. But in a larger historical perspective, project governance may not be exactly the intention of the initiator, but it is outside the traditional hierarchy of social governance mechanisms. Opened up a new social governance mechanism to encourage local governments to compete from bottom to top. The central government has realized the centralization of ideology and power through the project, and has produced effective incentives in the counties and villages, which has greatly improved the performance of the government. There are four prerequisites for the success of project governance: first, the hierarchical governance of the government; second, the legitimacy of performance during the transition period; third, the long-term rapid development of the Chinese economy and the sustained growth of the central financial resources; Fourth, China has the Communist Party of China, a powerful advanced party strongly promoted. Four presuppositions determine the sustainable implementation of project governance in Chinese economy and society, a social governance mechanism parallel to the traditional hierarchy system. Of course, the problems of rent-seeking and grass-roots government debt caused by project system must be paid more attention to and solved.
【作者单位】： 中共中央党校政法部;
【分类号】：D630
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