标识对电子地图中目标位置搜索绩效的影响

发布时间：2019-03-06 19:29

【摘要】：随着计算机和网络科技的迅速发展,网络电子地图成为大众使用最多的地理位置搜索工具,但相关的理论和技术研究却多以纸质地图为研究材料和背景,很难适用于电子屏幕。目前对于网络地图标识的研发更多考虑呈现技术层面,如地图学与计算机科学对地图数据呈现的技术研究。但是,正如著名地图学家尹霍夫所言,地图学应该是艺术倾向的技术科学。同时,地图标识作为地图的语言,但与其形状相关的主、客观研究偏少。本文以电子地图标识为研究对象,从主观艺术层面和客观搜索效率层面研究。标识艺术性可以依靠主观评价测量,技术性则可依客观搜索效率为准。于是,本研究从标识的形状变量入手,从主观和客观两个方面,成图前和成图后两个阶段,对网络电子地图的点状标识符号进行探索研究,以期发现电子地图点状标识的构图规律,使电子地图标识的设计更加符合人们的主观、客观需要。在成图前阶段,从主观角度出发,为探究用户的主观偏好,实验一对网络地图符号进行主观问卷调查。通过比较代表同一地点的不同标识,得到十一个地点的各自最优标识(评分总均分最高或较高),且不同类比标识间主观评价差异显著。从客观标准而言,虽然依照形状对点状标识进行分类,但分类后标识搜索效率研究较少,多是依主观经验进行评价。实验二通过视觉搜索实验,以用户反应时和准确率为客观标准,比较点状标识不同类别(几何形态,象形形态,文字形态)的搜索效率。结果发现三类标识间搜索时间差异显著,其中几何形态标识搜索时间最短。考虑到标识成图前后呈现的差异,在成图后阶段,应从搜索背景目标和搜索背景的角度分析标识和地图杂乱度对搜索效率的影响。实验三研究标识类型(几何形态,象形形态,文字形态)与地图杂乱度(高,中,低)对搜索效率的影响。结果发现两者对搜索效率都有影响,且存在交互作用。通过研究,发现标识类别间在主观满意度和客观搜索效率的上显著差异,标识影响了电子地图中目标位置搜索绩效的搜索,此研究对网络地图标识的研发具有意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of computer and network technology, network electronic map has become the most popular geographical location search tool, but the related theoretical and technical research is based on the paper map as the research material and background, it is difficult to apply to the electronic screen. At present, more consideration has been given to the presentation of map data in the research and development of network map marking, such as the study of cartography and computer science on the presentation of map data. But, as the famous cartographer Yin Hofu said, cartography should be the technical science of artistic tendency. At the same time, map marking as a map language, but its shape related to the subjective, objective research is less. This article takes the electronic map marking as the research object, studies from the subjective art level and the objective search efficiency level. Marking artistry can be measured by subjective evaluation and technical by objective search efficiency. Therefore, this study starts with the shape variables of the marking, from the subjective and objective aspects, before and after the mapping two stages, to explore the dot marking symbols of the network electronic map. In order to find out the composition rule of electronic map dot marking, the design of electronic map marking is more in line with people's subjective and objective needs. In the pre-mapping stage, from the subjective point of view, in order to explore the subjective preferences of users, a subjective questionnaire survey was conducted on a pair of network map symbols. By comparing the different marks representing the same location, we get the optimal mark (the total average score is the highest or higher) of 11 locations, and the subjective evaluation difference among different analogical marks is significant. According to the objective criterion, although the point-like mark is classified according to the shape, the research on the search efficiency of the mark after classification is less, and most of them are evaluated according to the subjective experience. In the second experiment, the searching efficiency of different types of dot marking (geometric, pictographic and literal forms) was compared according to the objective criteria of user response time and accuracy by visual search experiment. The results showed that there was a significant difference in search time among the three types of identifiers, and the search time of geometric identification was the shortest. In the post-mapping stage, considering the difference before and after the mapping, we should analyze the influence of the identity and the clutter of the map on the search efficiency from the point of view of searching background target and searching background. In experiment 3, the effects of label type (geometric form, hieroglyph form, text form) and map clutter (high, middle and low) on search efficiency were studied. The results show that both of them have an effect on the search efficiency, and there is interaction between them. Through the research, it is found that there are significant differences in subjective satisfaction and objective search efficiency between the identification categories, which affects the search performance of target location search in electronic maps. This research is of great significance to the research and development of network map identification.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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