股份制商业银行零售业务发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 12:58

本文选题：股份制商业银行　切入点：零售业务　出处：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,股份制商业银行的经营环境发生了进一步的深刻变化。首先,利率市场化进程进一步加快。随着存贷款利率浮动区间的扩大,关于利率市场化的竞争必然导致存贷利差收窄,这对大多以传统存贷业务结构为主的商业银行产生较大的生存压力。其次,银行资本监管的进一步强化。新的商业银行资本管理办法全面引入巴塞尔协议Ⅲ确立的资本质量标准和资本监管要求,这使得以规模扩张为路径的我国商业银行传统增长模式不可持续,商业银行必须从外延粗放型增长向内涵集约型增长转变,走一条资本消耗低、经济效益高的可持续发展道路。再次,金融脱媒和第三方支付的发展。随着市场经济的深化和资本市场的发展,直接融资在大中型企业的融资中比例逐步上升,这对商业银行传统的公司存贷业务产生较大的冲击。与此同时,全国性中小股份制商业银行面临的竞争格局也在不断强化。首先,国有控股商业银行的规模效益逐步凸显。当前国有控股商业银行在产品开发、业务平台建设、IT系统的创新、人力资源培育、国际化布局等方面都形成相对优势。其次,一些优秀的地方性商业银行在逐步蚕食着股份制商业银行的地方市场。随着城市商业银行的制度建设、产品研发、渠道建设等不断完善,股份制商业银行在人力资源、地方客户开发、产品创新等方面的优势逐步消失。再次,外资银行在高端理财、贸易融资、离岸金融等方面有较大竞争优势。当前,转型发展是全国性中小股份制商业银行的共识,大力发展零售业务是转型发展的重要一环。零售业务具有资本消耗低、风险分散、发展潜力大等特点,是股份制商业银行可持续发展的重要方向。近年来,股份制商业银行零售业务发展迅速,但是整体发展水平不高,零售业务收入所占比例与国外银行相比较低,客户关系管理粗放,产品创新同质化,销售渠道建设不合理,业务流程不合理等。本文分别从零售负债业务、零售资产业务和零售中间业务三个方面分析了股份制商业银行零售业务的发展现状,并指出零售业务发展中存在的问题。本文从企业创新理论的角度出发,并结合我国股份制商业银行的发展实际,提出了针对发展我国股份制商业银行零售业务的创新理论体系,分为产品创新、渠道创新、营销创新和管理创新。产品创新要坚持差异化原则,渠道创新要坚持低成本原则,营销创新要坚持精细化原则,管理创新要坚持高效率原则。我国股份制商业银行的发展一方面需要遵循国外商业银行发展零售业务的一般规律,以便在战略上予以指导；同时,又需要借鉴国内股份制商业银行发展零售业务的路径。本文以零售业务战略的开拓者招商银行和零售业务战略转型的先行者中信银行为例,总结了国内股份制商业银行发展零售业务的路径。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the operating environment of joint-stock commercial banks has undergone further profound changes.First, the interest rate marketization process further speeds up.With the expansion of the floating range of deposit and loan interest rate, the competition of interest rate marketization will inevitably lead to the narrowing of deposit and loan interest margin, which brings great pressure to the commercial banks, which mainly focus on the traditional structure of deposit and loan business.Secondly, the bank capital supervision further strengthens.The new method of capital management of commercial banks comprehensively introduces the capital quality standards and capital supervision requirements established by Basel III, which makes the traditional growth model of commercial banks in China unsustainable.Commercial banks must change from extensive growth to intensive growth and take a path of sustainable development with low capital consumption and high economic benefits.Third, the development of financial disintermediation and third party payment.With the deepening of the market economy and the development of the capital market, the proportion of direct financing in the financing of large and medium-sized enterprises is rising step by step, which has a great impact on the traditional corporate deposit and loan business of commercial banks.At the same time, the national small-and medium-sized commercial banks are facing a competitive pattern is also constantly strengthened.First of all, the scale of state-controlled commercial banks gradually highlights.At present, state-owned holding commercial banks form relative advantages in product development, business platform construction, innovation of IT system, cultivation of human resources, international layout and so on.Secondly, some excellent local commercial banks are gradually encroaching on the local market of joint-stock commercial banks.With the system construction, product development and channel construction of urban commercial banks, the advantages of joint-stock commercial banks in human resources, local customer development and product innovation gradually disappear.Thirdly, foreign banks have more competitive advantages in high-end financial management, trade financing, offshore finance and so on.At present, the transformation and development is the consensus of the national medium and small stock commercial banks, and the development of retail business is an important part of the transformation and development.Retail business has the characteristics of low capital consumption, dispersed risk and great development potential. It is an important direction for the sustainable development of joint-stock commercial banks.In recent years, the retail business of joint-stock commercial banks has developed rapidly, but the overall development level is not high, the proportion of retail business income is low compared with foreign banks, the customer relationship management is extensive, the product innovation is homogeneous.The sales channel construction is unreasonable, the business process is unreasonable and so on.This paper analyzes the present situation of retail business of joint-stock commercial banks from three aspects of retail liability business, retail assets business and retail intermediary business, and points out the problems existing in the development of retail business.From the angle of enterprise innovation theory and the development practice of joint-stock commercial banks in China, this paper puts forward the innovation theory system for the development of retail business of joint-stock commercial banks in China, which is divided into product innovation and channel innovation.Marketing innovation and management innovation.Product innovation should adhere to the principle of differentiation, channel innovation should adhere to the principle of low cost, marketing innovation should adhere to the principle of refinement, and management innovation should adhere to the principle of high efficiency.On the one hand, the development of joint-stock commercial banks in China needs to follow the general rules of foreign commercial banks to develop retail business, so as to guide them strategically, and at the same time, it is necessary to draw lessons from the path of domestic joint-stock commercial banks to develop retail business.Taking China Merchants Bank, a pioneer of retail business strategy, and Citic Bank, a pioneer of retail business strategy transformation, as an example, this paper summarizes the path of developing retail business in domestic joint-stock commercial banks.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.2

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