科技基础设施竞争力评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 03:12

本文选题：科技　切入点：基础设施　出处：《中国铁道科学研究院》2011年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：科技基础设施是进行科学研究、科技实验等活动的物质和信息保障,是科技总量、实力及科技水平与潜力的综合体现,在经济竞争中的作用越来越显著。就铁路而言,在铁路大规模建设的同时,铁路的技术创新逐渐由原隶属铁道部的铁路单位向路外单位拓展,无论是重大科研项目,还是人才队伍、实验室等科技基础设施都得到了科技的引入与外延,随之对铁路科技基础设施竞争力进行有效评价,具有十分重要的战略作用和现实意义。本文诠释了科技基础设施竞争力的内涵,全面分析了国内外对科技基础设施竞争力评价研究的现状及不足,借鉴国内外对于国际间、区域间、城市间竞争力评价的主要方法,将国内外专家学者关于区域竞争力理论、竞争理论以及相关经济学理论与科技基础设施竞争力评价相结合,探索性地对国外科技基础设施竞争力构建了评价指标体系,其评价结论与国际著名研究机构IMD评价的结果基本一致,表明评价指标体系的符合性。针对我国国家科技基础条件平台运行绩效评价过程中评价方法、评价指标体系的难以操作性以及基础数据资源调查的难以获得性,开创性地提出了我国国家科技基础条件平台的新的评价方法和评价指标体系;特别是对即将建成使用的铁路行业15个国家级研究实验平台构建了有实用性的评价指标体系。本文将竞争力理论方法与构建的评价指标体系相结合,拓展了竞争力理论的外延,并用之于国际间科技基础设施竞争力评价、国家科技基础条件平台竞争力评价和铁路行业15个国家级研究实验平台竞争力评价的实证研究,从宏观和微观两个层面都取得了实证研究的预期效果。通过科技基础设施竞争力评价研究,揭示了一个永恒的主题,科技基础设施的建设是科技创新的必要前提。因此,建议:政府决策部门要进一步关注和重视科技资源整合,从政策措施、制度保障以及经济手段等多个方面加大力度,不断优化和改进我国技术创新的层次结构,切实按照国家“十二五”科学和技术发展规划,依据国民经济和社会发展需求、科技发展的内在规律,继续完善现有各类科技基础设施建设布局,推动国家重大创新基地建设,积聚并形成产业技术创新战略联盟,有效培养科技高端人才和领军人才;并适时建立科技基础设施竞争力评价指标数据库,完善评价的信息管理和决策支持系统,为国家创新体系提供数据支撑。
[Abstract]:Science and technology infrastructure is the material and information guarantee for carrying out scientific research, scientific and technological experiments and other activities. It is a comprehensive embodiment of the total amount of science and technology, its strength and its level and potential, and it plays an increasingly important role in economic competition. As far as railways are concerned, With the large-scale construction of the railway, the technological innovation of the railway has gradually expanded from the railway units under the Ministry of Railways to the units outside the road, whether it is a major scientific research project or a team of qualified personnel. With the introduction and extension of science and technology, the scientific and technological infrastructure such as the laboratory has been effectively evaluated for the competitiveness of railway scientific and technological infrastructure, which has a very important strategic role and practical significance. This paper interprets the connotation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure, comprehensively analyzes the present situation and shortcomings of the evaluation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure at home and abroad, and draws lessons from the main methods of international, regional and inter-city competitiveness evaluation at home and abroad. Combining domestic and foreign experts and scholars on regional competitiveness theory, competition theory and related economic theory with the evaluation of scientific and technological infrastructure competitiveness, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the competitiveness of foreign scientific and technological infrastructure. The evaluation results are basically consistent with the results of IMD evaluation of international famous research institutions, indicating the conformity of the evaluation index system. In view of the evaluation methods in the process of performance evaluation of the national science and technology basic condition platform in our country, the evaluation index system is difficult to operate and the basic data resource investigation is difficult to obtain. In this paper, a new evaluation method and evaluation index system of China's national scientific and technological basic condition platform are put forward, especially a practical evaluation index system is constructed for 15 state-level research and experimental platforms of railway industry that will soon be built and used. This paper combines the competitiveness theory method with the evaluation index system, expands the extension of competitiveness theory, and applies it to the evaluation of international scientific and technological infrastructure competitiveness. The empirical research on the competitiveness evaluation of national scientific and technological infrastructure platform and 15 national research experimental platforms of railway industry has obtained the expected results of empirical research from both macro and micro levels. Through the evaluation of the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure, this paper reveals an eternal theme. The construction of scientific and technological infrastructure is a necessary prerequisite for scientific and technological innovation. Therefore, it is suggested that government policy-making departments should pay more attention to and attach importance to the integration of scientific and technological resources. From the policy measures, the system guarantee and the economic means and so on, strengthens the strength, unceasingly optimizes and improves our country's technological innovation hierarchical structure, earnestly according to the national 12th Five-Year Plan science and technology development plan, In accordance with the needs of national economic and social development and the inherent laws of scientific and technological development, we should continue to improve the layout of existing scientific and technological infrastructure, promote the construction of major national innovation bases, and accumulate and form strategic alliances for industrial technological innovation. It is necessary to train scientific and technological high-end talents and leaders effectively, and to establish the database of evaluation indexes for the competitiveness of scientific and technological infrastructure in good time, to perfect the information management and decision support system of evaluation, and to provide data support for the national innovation system.
【学位授予单位】：中国铁道科学研究院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：O213;G322

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