北京与上海科技创新功能发展对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 16:10

本文选题：城市功能　切入点：科技创新功能　出处：《华东师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：科技创新能力已经成为衡量一个城市综合实力的重要标准。现代城市间的竞争愈来愈集中于科学创新能力的竞争,创新已成为推动城市经济发展的重要内在动力,并逐渐发展成为城市的一个重要功能。北京与上海作为我国最大的两座城市,都担负着建设社会主义现代化国际大都市的历史使命,而这个目标的实现,离不开科技创新的推动和支撑。考察纽约、伦敦、东京等著名全球性城市的发展规律,不难发现,国际经济中心城市的建设,不仅仅是将城市规模和经济总量继续做大,更重要的是要不断提升城市的创新功能。研究科技创新在北京与上海城市功能中的定位,有利于北京和上海提高各自的综合实力。本文借助城市经济基础和城市功能的相关理论,阐明了城市功能、科技创新与科技创新城市的关系,提出了城市科技创新功能的概念、内涵和表现方式,并从城市经济活动的基本部分与非基本部分两个方面入手,构建了城市科技创新功能的评价指标体系,提出了科技创新城市的概念内涵,并初步设定了科技创新城市的判定标准。北京与上海的科技创新功能的评价结果表明：目前北京与上海科技创新功能虽然近几年来有所发展,但仍然未达到科技创新城市所需的最低功能要求,离科技创新城市还有较大距离。上海的科技创新功能总体表现比北京好,上海的科技创新投入较少,但效益更高；尤其是基本部分发展较快,即科技创新对外辐射与服务的水平比北京高。北京与上海仍然都是以制造业为主的城市,科技创新功能与其他城市功能的优势地位不够明显。北京与上海的科技创新功能易受国际环境的影响,这与北京上海的大部分科技创新活动仍旧处于低端技术服务的市场地位有关,核心技术和原始创新不足导致了它们科技创新功能的发展处于相对不稳定的状态。目前,两个城市都处于科技创新功能发展的关键时刻,由于还受到国内外其他城市的激烈竞争,它们的科技创新功能发展面临较大的挑战。本文挂靠2011年上海市科技发展基金软科学研究重点项目“上海城市发展中科技创新功能定位与发展路径研究”(项目编号：11692100700)。通过上述实证分析,针对北京和上海科技创新功能发展的问题、任务,本文从以下三方面来设计北京与上海未来科技创新功能提升的发展与具体对策：(1)建设一批高素质的科技创新人才队伍；(2)鼓励本地企业积极开展科技创新活动；(3)优化城市的科技创新环境。
[Abstract]:The ability of scientific and technological innovation has become an important standard to measure the comprehensive strength of a city. The competition among modern cities is more and more concentrated on the competition of scientific innovation ability, and innovation has become an important internal power to promote the development of urban economy. Beijing and Shanghai, as the two largest cities in our country, both shoulder the historical mission of building a socialist modern international metropolis, and this goal is realized. It is not difficult to find that the construction of international economic center cities will not only continue to expand the scale and total economic volume of cities, but also the development laws of famous global cities, such as New York, London and Tokyo, can not be separated from the promotion and support of scientific and technological innovation. It is more important to continuously improve the innovation function of the city, and to study the position of scientific and technological innovation in the urban function of Beijing and Shanghai is beneficial to the improvement of their comprehensive strength. Based on the relevant theories of urban economic base and urban function, this paper clarifies the relationship between urban function, scientific and technological innovation and scientific and technological innovation city, and puts forward the concept, connotation and expression of urban sci-tech innovation function. Starting with the basic and non-basic parts of urban economic activities, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of the function of urban scientific and technological innovation, and puts forward the concept connotation of scientific and technological innovation city. The evaluation results of the functions of science and technology innovation in Beijing and Shanghai show that although the functions of science and technology innovation in Beijing and Shanghai have developed in recent years, However, the function of science and technology innovation in Shanghai is better than that in Beijing, the investment of science and technology innovation in Shanghai is less, but the benefit is higher. In particular, the basic parts are developing faster, that is, the level of external radiation and service of science and technology innovation is higher than that of Beijing. Both Beijing and Shanghai are still mainly manufacturing cities. The functions of science and technology innovation and other cities are not obvious enough. The functions of science and technology innovation in Beijing and Shanghai are easily influenced by the international environment. This is related to the fact that most of the scientific and technological innovation activities in Beijing and Shanghai are still in the market position of low-end technology services. The lack of core technology and original innovation has led to the relatively unstable development of their scientific and technological innovation functions. At present, Both cities are in the critical moment of the development of science and technology innovation function, because of the fierce competition of other cities at home and abroad, their science and technology innovation function development faces great challenge. This paper is based on the key project of soft science research of Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation in 2011, "Research on function orientation and Development path of Science and Technology Innovation in Shanghai Urban Development" (Project No.: 11692100700). In view of the problems and tasks of the development of scientific and technological innovation functions in Beijing and Shanghai, This paper designs the following three aspects to design the development and concrete countermeasures of the future scientific and technological innovation function promotion in Beijing and Shanghai. (1) to build a group of high-quality scientific and technological innovation talents. (2) to encourage local enterprises to actively carry out scientific and technological innovation activities. The scientific and technological innovation environment of the city.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G322.7

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