中国一流学科发展之质量

发布时间：2018-06-05 12:31

本文选题：学科评价 + 学科建设　；参考：《高教发展与评估》2016年03期

【摘要】：依据武汉大学中国科学评价研究中心2015年最新发布的《世界一流大学及学科竞争力评价报告(2015-2016)》,从定量角度对中国学科发展的质量进行分析和研究。通过对中国学科竞争力的分析发现,中国学科的发展已很全面,22个学科均有中国科研机构的学科进入ESI排行;已有一些中国科研机构的部分学科进入世界一流行列甚至前列。中国科学院就有14个学科进入世界一流学科行列,其中10个学科位列学科排名前1%,被评为世界顶尖学科。但多数学科的发展在世界上还较为落后,经济学与商学、免疫学、综合交叉学科、神经科学与行为科学、精神病学与心理学以及空间科学6个学科领域,在本次评价时间段内还未有中国科研机构进入世界一流行列。通过与美国科研机构的学科发展质量相比发现,中国进入ESI排行的科研机构数与学科数不仅在量上与美国有一定差距,在学科发展的质上,也明显弱于美国科研机构。中国科学院有21个学科进入ESI排行,是进入ESI排行学科数最多的中国科研机构。除中国科学院外,进入ESI排行的学科数在10个以上的科研机构均为高校,可见高校是中国推进世界一流学科发展的主要力量。虽然22个学科均有中国科研机构进入ESI排行,但是中国科研机构在22个学科的排名分布情况存在较大差异,仅化学、工程学和材料科学3个学科的排名整体比较靠前,中国科研机构的一流学科建设仍任重道远。
[Abstract]:According to the latest world class university and subject competitiveness evaluation report (2015-2016) published by the center for Chinese science evaluation and research of Wuhan University in 2015 (2015-2016), the quality of Chinese subject development is analyzed and studied from the quantitative point of view. Through the analysis of the competitiveness of China's subject, the development of Chinese disciplines has been very comprehensive and the 22 disciplines are all in the middle. The disciplines of the national scientific research institutions have entered the ESI ranking, and some of the disciplines of China's scientific research institutions have entered the world's most popular and even forefront. The Chinese Academy of Sciences has 14 disciplines into the ranks of the world's first class disciplines, of which 10 disciplines rank the top 1% in the ranks, and have been rated as the top disciplines in the world. However, the development of most disciplines is still more in the world. Backwardness, economics and business, immunology, integrated interdisciplinary, neuroscience and behavioral science, psychiatry and psychology, and space science have not yet come into the world in the 6 disciplines of Chinese scientific research institutions. Compared with the quality of scientific research institutions in the United States, China has entered ESI. The number of scientific research institutions and the number of disciplines not only have a certain gap with the United States, but also in the quality of discipline development, but also significantly weaker than the American scientific research institutions. The Chinese Academy of Sciences has 21 disciplines entering the ESI ranking, which is the largest number of Chinese scientific research institutions entering the ESI ranking. The number of subjects entering the ESI ranking is more than 10. All the scientific research institutions are institutions of higher learning. It can be seen that colleges and universities are the main force to promote the development of the world class subject. Although the 22 disciplines have China's scientific research institutions entering the ESI ranking, the ranking distribution of the Chinese scientific research institutions in the 22 disciplines is quite different. The ranking of the 3 disciplines of only chemical, engineering and material science is on the whole. Before, the first-class discipline construction of Chinese scientific research institutions still has a long way to go.
【作者单位】：武汉大学信息管理学院;武汉大学中国科学评价研究中心;
【分类号】：G322

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