中国技术标准化的发展现状与对策

发布时间：2018-06-24 23:46

本文选题：技术标准化 + 发展现状　；参考：《长沙理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化进程的加快,技术标准成为国际市场竞争中新的秩序和游戏规则,谁拥有标准的制定权,谁就拥有市场的主动权。目前国际市场上占主导地位的技术标准大多是西方发达国家制定的,由于技术标准形式客观性的特点,使其往往嵌入当地特定的价值、文化与利益。技术标准的扩张所传递的不仅仅是标准使用范围的扩大,而且是西方在全球经济体系中主导地位和垄断优势的奠定。当下的国际形式,使中国技术标准化的发展面临着严峻的考验。在以往对技术标准化的研究中,经济学和技术工程学是主要路径。然而经济学的利益至上及技术工程学的技术决定论的狭隘认识都忽视了技术标准化的复杂性,基于此文章采用科学技术论的研究进路探讨技术标准的形成和演化。根据科学技术论建构主义的核心思想,技术标准化是一个社会化的过程,其过程的每个阶段都可能涉及到政治、经济、文化和组织等因素,标准的最终形成是通过相关利益群体协商产生,并不归因于单一的技术或经济因素。本文在对国内外相关文献研究的基础上,厘清了技术标准化的相关概念、本质特征和作用。再进一步明确技术准化的面相后,紧接着梳理了中国技术标准化发展的历史轨迹,根据科学技术论建构主义的思想,我们将视角定位于中国技术标准化发展中所涉及的主要因素,政府、企业、民众、行动者网络。随后通过对这些因素的进一步认知,发现政府在标准化的过程中由于角色定位不明确,往往会干预过多,造成企业主体地位缺失,除此之外,全民标准化意识淡薄、标准的国际网络建构不足,这些问题严重削弱了国内技术标准在国际市场上的竞争力。所以,文章以科学发展观为指导思想,探求技术标准化的发展路径,提出四个方面的对策：全面发展——寻求符合国情的技术标准化的运行机制；统筹兼顾——建立技术标准联盟；人为主体——唤起全民的技术标准化意识；持续发展——完善技术标准的网络建构。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of economic globalization , the technical standard has become the new order and rules in the international market competition , who has the initiative of the market .

In the past research on standardization of technology , economics and technology engineering are the main paths . However , the narrow understanding of economics ' s interests and the technical decision of technology engineering ignore the complexity of technical standardization . According to the core idea of science and technology theory , technology standardization is a process of socialization . According to science and technology , technology standardization is a socialization process .

On the basis of the study of relevant literatures at home and abroad , this paper clarifies the relevant concepts , essential features and functions of the standardization of technology . After further defining the face phase of technical standardization , the author combs the historical track of the development of China ' s technology standardization . According to the theory of science and technology , we find that the government ' s role in standardization is not clear , which often leads to the lack of international network construction . In addition , the article takes the scientific development view as the guiding ideology , probes into the development path of technology standardization , and puts forward four countermeasures : comprehensive development _ seeking the operation mechanism of technical standardization that meets the national conditions ;
Overall planning and consideration _ alliance of technical standards ;
Man - made subject _ arouse people ' s awareness of technology standardization ;
Continuous development _ perfecting the network construction of technical standards .
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G307

【参考文献】