心理距离与决策者角色对风险决策的影响

发布时间：2018-01-24 22:06

本文关键词： 决策角色心理距离决策框架风险决策　出处：《应用心理学》2013年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：采用改编的IOS量表测量自我与他人的心理距离,在收益和损失情境下,综合探讨了为他人和预测他人决策时心理距离对个体风险偏好的影响。结果发现:(1)与他人心理距离越远,个体决策时越偏好风险,且反应时越短;(2)个体预测他人决策时比为他人决策时更偏好风险,但两者反应时没有显著差异;(3)心理距离与决策者角色存在交互作用,即预测时个体认为远心理距离他人比近心理距离他人更冒险,而为他人决策时两者差异消失;(4)决策角色与决策框架、心理距离与决策框架存在交互作用:在收益框架下,自我他人心理距离较远时个体更偏好风险,且个体预测比为他人决策时更冒险,损失条件下无差异。依据相关理论对这些结果进行了分析讨论。
[Abstract]:The psychological distance between self and others was measured with the adapted IOS scale under the situation of gain and loss. The influence of psychological distance on individual risk preference when making decisions for others and predicting others is comprehensively discussed. The results show that the farther the psychological distance from others is, the more risk is preferred and the reaction time is shorter. (2) individuals prefer risk to others' decision making, but there is no significant difference in response time between the two; 3) there is interaction between psychological distance and the role of decision maker, that is, the individual thinks that the distance from the psychological distance is more risky than the one from the mental distance, but the difference between the two is disappeared when making decisions for the others. 4) Decision-making role and decision-making framework, psychological distance and decision-making framework have interaction: under the income framework, individuals prefer risk when the psychological distance of self-others is far away. The individual prediction is more risky than the decision for others, and there is no difference under the condition of loss. The results are analyzed and discussed according to the relevant theory.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院;浙江大学心理与行为科学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31271112)
【分类号】：C934;C931.1
【正文快照】： 1引言近十几年来,研究者开始关注自我-他人决策差异问题,发现个体为自己利益进行权衡与为他人利益进行权衡时的心理活动并不相同,但鲜有研究对预测他人决策以及为不同他人决策等问题进行系统性的探讨(Stone,Yates,Caruthere,2002;StoneAllgaier,2008)。事实上,预测他人的偏

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