我国高温气冷堆核电站的成本研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 05:25

本文关键词：我国高温气冷堆核电站的成本研究　出处：《南华大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在现有以化石能源为主的能源结构下，能源危机和环境压力日益严重。核电不产生温室效应气体，被认为是当前唯一的代化石能源的替代品。但是，核电的放射性特点一方面增加了核电的建设和运营成本，另一方面提高了对核电的安全标准。因此，，安全、经济的核电技术是核电可持续发展的基础和前提。高温气冷堆是目前国际公认的先进核反应堆型，由于其安全性高、用途广泛、经济性好，世界许多国家对其的发展都给予了高度的重视。本文通过对核电站总成本比较评价体系的构建，将其与火电、水电、风电进行了总成本的比较分析，得出其社会总成本低于煤电，且其开发难度与地理条件影响低于风电、水电。证明核电是符合我国国情需要，并能够对能源多元化等方面有显著的推动作用。在证明了核电的经济性后，对我国高温气冷堆核电站的内部成本和外部成本进行了经济分析。因高温气冷堆核电站在我国处于起步阶段，其经济性分析具有前瞻性、规划性、指导性及基础性的特点。在对我国高温气冷堆经济性分析的基础上，本文提出了我国高温气冷堆核电站商业化的对策与建议。包括实现群堆管理，走专业化管理道路，加强政府财政税收的激励，以及技术引进和技术创新，完备企业制度，强化人才培养机制，拓宽融资渠道。旨在通过商业化对策与建议，促进我国高温气冷堆核电站的发展，保持与提高国家的综合实力，保障我国的能源安全，进而有利于缓解我国的环保压力。
[Abstract]:Under the existing fossil energy structure, the energy crisis and environmental pressure are increasingly serious. Nuclear power does not produce Greenhouse Effect gas, and is considered the only alternative to fossil energy generation. The radioactive characteristics of nuclear power on the one hand increase the construction and operation costs of nuclear power, on the other hand, improve the safety standards for nuclear power. Economic nuclear power technology is the basis and prerequisite for the sustainable development of nuclear power. High temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) is an internationally recognized advanced nuclear reactor type, because of its high safety, wide use and good economy. Many countries in the world have attached great importance to its development. This paper compares the total cost of nuclear power plant with thermal power, hydropower, wind power through the construction of a comparative evaluation system of nuclear power plant total cost, it is concluded that the total social cost is lower than that of coal power. And its development difficulty and geographical conditions are lower than wind power, hydropower. Prove that nuclear power is in line with the needs of China's national conditions, and can play a significant role in promoting energy diversification. After proving the economy of nuclear power. The internal cost and external cost of HTGR nuclear power station in China are analyzed economically. Because HTGR nuclear power station is in its infancy in our country, its economic analysis is prospective and planning. Based on the economic analysis of HTGR in China, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for commercialization of HTGR nuclear power plants in China, including the realization of reactor management. We should take the road of specialized management, strengthen the incentives of government finance and taxation, introduce technology and technological innovation, perfect the enterprise system, strengthen the talent training mechanism and broaden the financing channels. To promote the development of high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power plant in China, to maintain and improve the comprehensive strength of the country, to ensure the energy security of our country, and then to ease the pressure of environmental protection in China.
【学位授予单位】：南华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.23;F426.61;F406.72

【参考文献】