当前我国食品安全监管存在的问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 16:23

本文关键词：当前我国食品安全监管存在的问题与对策研究　出处：《河北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国以民为本，民以食为天，食以安为先。食品安全事关人民群众的身体健康和生命安全，事关经济发展方式的转变，事关社会的和谐稳定，事关党和政府的形象和执政根基。目前,食品安全已成为全球性的重大战略性问题,并越来越受到了世界各国政府和消费者的高度重视。随着我国经济和社会持续高速发展，人民生活水平不断提高,对食品安全保障水平也提出了越来越高的要求。与此同时,我国食品安全问题依然不少，食品安全事件仍时有发生。食品安全问题已经成为影响我国农业和食品产业甚至“中国制造”国际竞争力的关键因素。党中央、国务院历来高度重视食品安全工作，对食品安全工作不断提出了新的要求，强调要有效防范、坚决遏制重特大事故发生，切实加强食品安全监管，持续强化社会监督，依法严厉打击违法违规行为。食品安全监管工作的好坏主要取决于地方党委和政府是否深入贯彻落实科学发展观的总要求，是否坚持以人为本，是否把维护人民群众的根本利益放在首位，是否清醒认识到食品安全直接关系人民群众的身体健康和生命安全，关系社会的和谐与稳定，是最大的民生问题和政治问题。近年来，随着食品安全法及其实施条例的公布实施和国务院食品安全委员会及其办公室成立，食品安全工作得到极大加强。各地区、各有关部门认真贯彻落实中央各项决策部署，做了大量艰苦细致的工作，我国食品安全法律制度、体制机制、监管能力和保障水平取得了长足进步，食品安全总体形势呈现出持续稳定并向好发展的态势。在今年的国务院机构改革中，食品安全监管体制改革又被摆在了突出位置。根据国务院指导意见，，对食品药品实施统一集中监管，并要求地方政府食品药品安全监管体制改革于今年底前完成。这次食品安全监管体制改革，社会各界期盼已久，是顺民意、合民心的重大决策，是破解监管能力薄弱等瓶颈制约的重要举措，也是新形势下转变政府职能的有效途径。本文旨在通过对我国食品安全形势及监管工作现状的深入剖析，认真查找工作中存在的问题和不足，深刻总结产生问题根源和具体原因，对照国际先进管理的理念和思路，借鉴先进地区监管的实际做法和经验，对我国开展食品安全监管展开有益的理论探索，以期能够达到对食品安全监管能力和保障水平提升产生较大促进作用的目的。本文的写作目的主要在于通过理论研究推动工作实践的不断向前发展，为达到我国食品产业和食品安全事业又好又快发展的目标实现尽一份绵薄之力。本文在引言部分，主要阐述了本文的选题背景与意义，国内外研究综述，研究思路和方法以及本文的创新之处。第一部分对食品安全监管相关概念进行了阐释。对食品安全与食品卫生、食品质量等一组概念进行了辩证分析，在对食品安全监管的必要性进行了阐述的基础上，对监管问题进行了马克思主义基本原理的学理分析。第二部分回顾了我国食品安全监管体系的历史沿革，并对各地开展食品安全监管体系改革积极有益的探索尝试进行了比较研究，深化了对我国开展食品安全监管工作曲折性及探索建立符合我国国情食品安全监管模式必然性的认识。第三部分对当前我国食品安全监管存在的问题进行了实证分析。特别是对分析我国现有监管体系和当前食品安全监管工作存在的主要问题进行了阐述。中国现行食品安全管理体制具有明显的多部门管理、地域管理和环节化特征,管理空白与管理冲突现象严重。构建食品安全各管理部门共同需要的共性原则和制度有助于消除冲突与矛盾，食品安全综合协调机制是消除食品安全管理冲突与空白有效措施，但同时也存在诸多问题。笔者根据从业经历，对当前我国食品安全监管面临的严峻形势和存在的突出问题进行了分析。第四部分深入分析了我国食品安全存在问题的形成原因，分别从技术因素、违法犯罪、产业素质、诚信自律、部门职责、监管能力、媒体放大、违规成本、标准立法等方面，进一步揭示了食品安全问题的艰巨性、复杂性和长期性。第五部分提出了完善我国食品安全监管体系建设的对策建议。通过研究比较欧美主要发达国家食品安全监管模式，客观分析我国食品安全监管模式存在的差距,结合监管工作实际，从牢固树立为民执法理念，加大预警机制建设，深入开展专项整顿治理，提升监管和保障能力，提高食品产业素质，加大日常监管力度，加强食品安全宣传教育等方面提出了建议，着眼于建立适合我国食品安全产业发展的食品安全监管体系。
[Abstract]:The country people, hunger breeds discontentment, food to safety first. Food safety is related to people's health and life safety, shift is related to the mode of economic development, is related to social harmony and stability, is related to the image of the party and government and the ruling foundation. At present, food safety has become a major global strategic issues, and more and more attention of governments and consumers around the world. With China's economic and social sustainable development, constantly improve people's living standards, also put forward higher requirements on the level of food security. At the same time, China's food safety is still a lot of problems, food safety incidents still occur. The problem of food security has become a key factor influencing China's agriculture and food industry and even the "China manufacturing" of international competitiveness.
The Party Central Committee, the State Council has always attached great importance to food safety, food safety work to continuously put forward new demands, stressed the need to effectively prevent and resolutely curb serious accidents, strengthen food safety supervision, continue to strengthen social supervision, severely crack down on illegal behavior. The quality of food safety supervision work mainly depends on the local Party committees and whether the government thoroughly implement the general requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development, whether to adhere to the people-oriented, is to safeguard the fundamental interests of the masses in the first place, whether aware of food safety is directly related to people's health and life safety, the harmony and stability of the society, is the largest livelihood issues and political issues.
In recent years, with the implementation of the food safety law and regulations promulgated and food safety committee of the State Council and established the office of food safety work has been greatly enhanced. In different areas, the relevant departments to seriously implement the central government's decision to deploy, do a lot of hard and meticulous work, China's food safety legal system, institutional mechanisms, regulatory capacity the level of protection and has made considerable progress, the overall situation of food safety showed steady and good development trend. In the year of the institutional reform of the State Council, the food safety regulatory system has been placed in a prominent position. Under the guidance of the State Council, on the implementation of centralized supervision of food and drug, and asked the local government food and drug safety supervision the system is completed before the end of this year. The food safety supervision system reform, community long-awaited, is public opinion, together the people The important decision is an important measure to solve the bottleneck of regulatory capacity is weak, the effective way of transformation of government functions but also under the new situation. This paper aims to make in-depth analysis on the situation of China's food safety supervision work and the status quo, existing seriously find problems and deficiencies in the work, have a profound summary of the root of the problem and the specific reasons for the control. The international advanced management concepts and ideas, learn from the advanced area supervision practice and experience, explore the beneficial theory to carry out the food safety supervision in China, in order to have a larger role in promoting the purpose of food safety supervision capacity and improve the level of protection. The main purpose of this thesis is to promote the development of the work through practice the theoretical study, in order to achieve the cause of China's food industry and food safety and fast development goals as a contribution.
In the introduction part, this paper mainly expounds the background and significance of the topic, the domestic and foreign research review, the research ideas and methods, and the innovation of this article.
The first part explains the related concepts of food safety supervision. Food safety and food hygiene, food quality and a set of concepts for a dialectical analysis, elaborated the necessity of the foundation of the food safety supervision, supervision of the problems of the Marx doctrine, the principle of the theoretical analysis.
The second part reviews the history of China's food safety supervision system, and to explore the country to carry out reform of food safety supervision system actively beneficial attempt to comparative study, deepen the understanding of China's national conditions to establish food safety supervision mode to carry out the inevitability of the twists and turns of the food safety supervision work and exploration in our country.
The third part makes an empirical analysis on the existing problems in China's food safety regulation problem. Especially for the analysis of main problems of the existing supervision system of our country and the current food safety supervision work are discussed. Chinese current food safety management system has obvious multi sectoral management, regional management and link characteristics, management and management control the phenomenon of serious conflict. The general principle and system construction of food safety management departments to jointly contribute to the elimination of conflicts and contradictions, the comprehensive coordination mechanism of food safety food safety management is to eliminate the conflict and blank of effective measures, but there are also many problems. According to the author's experience, the current grim situation of food safety supervision in China faces and the existing problems are analyzed.
The fourth part of the in-depth analysis of China's food safety problems existing causes, from technical factors, illegal crime, industrial quality, honesty and self-discipline, departmental responsibilities, supervision, media to enlarge, the violation cost, standard legislation, further reveals the difficulty of food safety issues, complex and long-term.
The fifth part puts forward the suggestions to improve the food safety supervision system construction in China. Through the comparative study of major developed countries in Europe and America food safety supervision mode, objective analysis of existing food safety supervision mode of the gap of our country, combined with supervision of the actual work, from the people to firmly establish the concept of law enforcement, strengthen the construction of early warning mechanism, carry out special rectification. Improve the supervision and protection ability, improve the quality of the food industry, strengthen the daily supervision, and puts forward some suggestions on strengthening food safety publicity and education, focusing on the establishment of a suitable for China's food safety supervision system of food safety industry.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F203;F426.82

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