烟草物流多级配送中心选址优化模型与方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 10:10

本文关键词：烟草物流多级配送中心选址优化模型与方法研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是卷烟消费大国,烟草行业一直以来是国家财政收入的第一大户,是我国国民经济的重要支柱。近年来,我国烟草行业的发展正面临着国内外双重压力的严峻形势,尤其是在卷烟分销网络的建设方面。面对新形势,国家烟草总局2010年提出我国烟草行业现代物流建设进入了新的发展阶段,尤其强调建设全国统一的卷烟配送网络。配送中心作为卷烟配送网络的关键节点,其选址合理与否决定了整个配送网络的布局及层次结构,影响物流费用及物流服务水平的高低。本文研究的烟草物流多级配送中心选址问题就是在这种现实背景下产生的,为烟草物流网络规划,建设全国统一的卷烟配送网络提供决策依据。基于目前我国卷烟配送中心大部分仍是只有孤立的点还未形成一体化的网络,整体布局分散等问题,本论文,结合参加的湖南省益阳市烟草专卖局(公司)专项科技项目“烟草商业企业精益物流应用研究”的科研工作,从烟草企业卷烟物流配送网络精益化的实际需求出发,对烟草物流多级配送中心选址优化方法进行了选题研究。具体做了以下几方面工作： (1)系统梳理配送中心基本要义及选址的模型与方法,阐述了自然约束语言NCL (Natural Constraint Language)及优化平台POEM (Programming in Operational and Expressive Models)的基础理论,重点分析了NCL建模的基本要素、主要步骤及求解框架,为烟草物流两级配送中心选址优化模型的构建与求解提供理论支撑。 (2)基于烟草商业物流的需求特征、流通形态特征、仓储特征、配送形态特征、管理组织特征分析,确定省、自治区、直辖市烟草专卖局管辖范围内的卷烟配送网络为由省、自治区、直辖市配送中心或地市级配送中心、中转站组成的二/三层次的配送网络体系,从而明确本文研究的问题为基于该网络体系的两级配送中心选址优化问题。 (3)提出烟草物流两级配送中心选址整体优化模型,该模型以总费用最小为目标函数,卷烟厂与各级配送中心的对应服务关系均为多对多,一级配送中心除对二级配送中心干线运输外还承担部分零售户的配送服务,模型复杂度较高,属于NP-hard问题。模型解的空间规模为2u+2zu,随着问题规模u、z取值的增大,解空间规模呈指数级增长,在实际中采用经典的数学规划方法对该模型进行求解是不可行的,本文采用对组合优化问题求解高效的NCL语言求解,提出一种解决配送中心选址问题的新方法。 (4)以湖南省益阳市为例,对其一级配送中心、二级配送中心(中转站)进行选址优化,对第四章建立的两级配送中心选址优化模型进行实证研究,所得选址方案优于益阳市现有选址方案,验证了模型与新的求解方法的有效性。本文共有图11幅,表22个,参考文献53篇。
[Abstract]:China is a big cigarette consumer, tobacco industry has always been the largest national financial revenue, is an important pillar of our national economy in recent years. The development of tobacco industry in China is facing the severe situation of double pressure at home and abroad, especially in the construction of cigarette distribution network. In 2010, the State Administration of Tobacco proposed that the construction of modern logistics in China's tobacco industry had entered a new stage of development. As the key node of cigarette distribution network, the location of distribution center determines the layout and hierarchical structure of the whole distribution network. This paper studies the location problem of multi-level distribution center of tobacco logistics under this kind of realistic background, it is the tobacco logistics network planning. The establishment of a national unified cigarette distribution network provides a basis for decision-making. Based on the fact that the majority of cigarette distribution centers in China are still only isolated points have not yet formed an integrated network, the overall layout of the problems such as dispersion, this paper. In combination with the participation of Yiyang City, Hunan Province Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company) special scientific and technological project "Tobacco Commercial Enterprise Lean Logistics Application Research" research work. Based on the actual demand of tobacco logistics distribution network Lean, this paper studies the method of tobacco logistics multi-level distribution center location optimization. 1) systematically combing the basic essentials of distribution center and the model and method of location selection. Natural Constraint language (NCL) and its optimization platform POEM (. Programming in Operational and Expressive models. The basic elements, main steps and solution framework of NCL modeling are analyzed in order to provide theoretical support for the construction and solution of tobacco distribution center location optimization model. Based on the characteristics of demand, distribution, warehousing, distribution, management and organization of tobacco commercial logistics, we can determine the provinces and autonomous regions. The cigarette distribution network within the jurisdiction of the Tobacco Monopoly Bureau of the municipality directly under the Central Government shall be a two-or three-level distribution network system composed of distribution centers of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government or of prefecture-level distribution centers and transit stations. Therefore, it is clear that the problem studied in this paper is the optimization of two-level distribution center location based on the network system. This model takes the minimum total cost as the objective function, and the corresponding service relationship between cigarette factory and distribution center is many-to-many. The first level distribution center is responsible for the distribution service of some retail households besides the trunk transportation of the secondary distribution center. The model is of high complexity and belongs to the NP-hard problem. The space scale of the model solution is 2u 2zu. With the increase of the problem scale uz, the solution space scale increases exponentially. In practice, it is not feasible to solve the model by classical mathematical programming method. In this paper, a new method to solve the location problem of distribution center is proposed by using NCL language to solve the combinatorial optimization problem. Taking Yiyang City of Hunan Province as an example, this paper optimizes the location of the first-grade distribution center and the secondary distribution center (transit station), and makes an empirical study on the two-level distribution center location optimization model established in Chapter 4th. The proposed site selection scheme is superior to the existing site selection scheme in Yiyang City, which verifies the validity of the model and the new method. There are 11 charts, 22 tables and 53 references in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F252;F426.89

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