哈萨克斯坦工业创新发展的研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 15:56

本文关键词： 哈萨克斯坦工业创新创新战略研究开发　出处：《重庆交通大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公共政策在促进创新中起着关键的作用,这种政策包含了范围广泛的战略和多种执行手段,可以纠正市场失灵,确定私营部门的发展方向,并促进各利益相关者之间的协调。这些措施的制定和实施,应基于国家创新体系是否有效的评估结果,从而确保当前的形势和正确的诊断,并提供建议以改善创新,与此同时还要考虑到国情和国际经验。行业动态发展的实现离不开创新的技术引进以及具有竞争力项目的开发。工业对国民经济起到了决定性作用,据业内人士分析显示,目前工业发展存在的主要问题是其不可持续性,造成今后几年间发展速度放缓,以及生产相关的关键绩效指标数据的下降,工业生产和出口结构的改善逐渐缓慢,固定资产中原本良好的硬件及软件的不断折旧,资源利用成本提高。但是,制约工业增长的主要制约因素是国内产品的竞争力低下。这主要是因为工业活动中较低的投入以及较少的创新。解决这些问题需要产业政策改革,在向创新发展过度基础上,通过加强投资和创新以及现代化设备,引进新的和不断发展的技术,提高哈萨克斯坦工业生产效率和竞争力。本文基于经济理论及方法,首先对哈萨克斯坦和其他国家学者对产业升级及创新发展的研究结果进行综述；然后介绍了哈萨克斯坦的工业发展的情况和未来50年的战略方针,现有情况及数据表明,哈国目前的工业创新发展还需要的加大力度并且设定合适的计划方案,才能达到更高的经济发展的水平；再次,本文介绍关于工业创新发展的理论和方法框架。该部分中,在对哈萨克斯坦的整体经济状况描述的基础上对哈国创新政策的性质和原则进行了详尽的介绍；最后,对现阶段哈国工业创新所面临的制约因素进行了识别与分析,并结合其他国家在处理这些问题的良好经验,提出了哈萨克斯坦工业创新的优化建议。本文研究的意义为固定资产建设现代化机制建设提供具体意见和策略,以建设具有竞争力产品生产力的国家工业。本次研究成果可运用到工业企业部门在提高现代化生产设备的投资决策中。实践证明,这将大大提高企业的竞争力,并减少外部环境对企业内部的不利影响。
[Abstract]:Public policies play a key role in promoting innovation, encompassing a wide range of strategies and multiple means of implementation that can correct market failures and set the direction of the private sector. The development and implementation of these measures should be based on the results of an effective assessment of the effectiveness of the national innovation system in order to ensure the current situation and correct diagnosis. Advice is also provided to improve innovation, taking into account national circumstances and international experience. The dynamic development of the industry can not be achieved without the introduction of innovative technology and the development of competitive projects. Industry plays a decisive role in the national economy, according to industry analysis shows. The main current problem with industrial development was its unsustainable nature, which had resulted in a slowdown in the pace of development in the coming years and a decline in data on key production-related performance indicators. The improvement of the industrial production and export structure is gradually slow, the hardware and software in the fixed assets are continuously depreciated, and the cost of resource utilization increases. The main constraint to industrial growth is the low competitiveness of domestic products, mainly due to lower inputs in industrial activities and less innovation. Addressing these problems requires industrial policy reform. On the basis of the transition to innovation, the efficiency and competitiveness of Kazakhstan's industrial production will be improved by strengthening investment and innovation and modernizing equipment and introducing new and continuously developing technologies. Based on economic theory and methods, this paper firstly summarizes the research results of industrial upgrading and innovation development in Kazakhstan and other countries. It then introduces the industrial development of Kazakhstan and the strategic approach for the next 50 years, the current situation and the data show. The current industrial innovation and development of Kazakhstan also needs to strengthen and set up appropriate plans to achieve a higher level of economic development; Thirdly, this paper introduces the theoretical and methodological framework of industrial innovation development. On the basis of the description of the overall economic situation of Kazakhstan, the nature and principles of the innovation policy of Kazakhstan are introduced in detail. Finally, the paper identifies and analyzes the restrictive factors of industrial innovation in Kazakhstan at the present stage, and puts forward some suggestions for optimization of industrial innovation in Kazakhstan in the light of the good experience of other countries in dealing with these problems. The significance of this study provides specific suggestions and strategies for the modernization of fixed assets construction mechanism. In order to build the national industry with competitive product productivity, the research results can be applied to the investment decision of the industrial enterprise department in improving the modern production equipment. The practice has proved that this will greatly improve the competitiveness of the enterprise. And reduce the adverse impact of the external environment on the internal enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F436.1

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