金砖国家制造业国际竞争力的对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 05:10

本文选题：金砖五国　切入点：制造业　出处：《福建农林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化的加深和国际竞争的加剧，国际竞争力已然成为决定竞争成败的关键因素。被称为金砖五国的中国、印度、俄罗斯、巴西和南非有着广阔的市场空间和巨大的经济潜力，极大促进各国在经贸领域中的互动与合作，成为推动全球经济复苏的重要力量。而金砖国家的产业优势主要集中体现于制造业，评价金砖国家制造业的国际竞争力状况，寻找制造业国际竞争力的关键影响因素，分析五个国家的制造业国际竞争力差距，具有一定的现实意义。目前，中国被称之为“世界工厂”，其制造业国际竞争力在金砖国家中占据相对竞争优势，而且发展空间很大，有待全面提升和改善。因此，金砖国家制造业国际竞争力的对比研究，有助于全面理解中国制造业未来发展的趋势，最终实现提高中国制造业产业的整体国际竞争力。本文第一部分阐述研究背景、研究目的和意义、研究思路、研究方法和相关基本概念；第二部分对国内外研究制造业国际竞争力的文献进行综述和对理论基础进行说明；第三部分则选取国际市场占有率、贸易竞争指数、显示性比较优势指数和产业内贸易指数进行量化分析，并采用熵权法对选取的四个指标对金钻五国的制造业国际竞争力进行综合比较评价；第四部分对金砖国家制造业国际竞争力的潜在影响因素进行比较分析；第五部分则是采用层次分析法对金砖国家制造业国际竞争力的关键影响因素进行识别并得出结论；第六部分进行总结并提出对策建议，并指出论文中存在的不足和展望。金砖国家制造业在最近十年来取得了一定程度的发展，特别是中国更是表现出良好的增长趋势，虽然如此，但仍未达到制造强国的标准。通过金砖国家制造业国际竞争力的关键影响因素综合比较研究中发现：中国拥有较丰富的劳动力资源、庞大的国际市场以及相对完善的相关产业键等竞争优势，但中国制造业是走低端产品为主导的贸易路线，缺乏创新与技术。加上近年来中国的劳动力成本不断攀升，比较成本优势逐渐消失，以及周边国家制造业不断的崛起，中国制造业面临了巨大的挑战。因此，必须采取一系列措施加以改善、提高。提升中国制造业国际竞争力的对策如下：加快中国制造业由低端市场迈向高端产品转型的步伐，摆脱经济对资源的严重依附和对环境的巨大压力，，达到可持续发展；必须改革制造业发展方式，调整贸易结构，提高中国制造业经济发展的整体质量；建设成熟稳定且劳动力成本低的投资环境，扩大外资投入，引进外资技术，提高整体国际竞争力。
[Abstract]:As economic globalization deepens and international competition intensifies, international competitiveness has become a key factor in determining the success or failure of competition. China, India and Russia, known as the BRICS, Brazil and South Africa have vast market space and enormous economic potential, which greatly promote interaction and cooperation among countries in the economic and trade field, It has become an important force in promoting global economic recovery. The industrial advantages of the BRICS countries are mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry. The international competitiveness of the BRICS manufacturing industry is evaluated, and the key factors affecting the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry are sought. It is of certain practical significance to analyze the international competitiveness gap of manufacturing industry in five countries. At present, China is called the "world factory", and its international competitiveness of manufacturing industry occupies a relative competitive advantage among the BRICS countries, and there is a lot of room for development. Therefore, a comparative study on the international competitiveness of BRICS manufacturing industry will help to understand the future development trend of China's manufacturing industry and ultimately improve the overall international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry. The first part of this paper describes the research background, research purpose and significance, research ideas, research methods and related basic concepts, the second part of the domestic and foreign research on the international competitiveness of manufacturing literature and theoretical basis are described. The third part chooses the international market share, the trade competition index, the display comparative advantage index and the intra-industry trade index to carry on the quantitative analysis. And the entropy weight method is used to compare and evaluate the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry of the five countries. Part 4th compares and analyzes the potential influencing factors of the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry in the BRICS countries, and makes a comparative analysis of the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry in the BRICS countries. Part 5th identifies and concludes the key factors affecting the international competitiveness of BRICS manufacturing industry by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and part 6th summarizes and proposes countermeasures and suggestions, and points out the shortcomings and prospects of the paper. The BRICS manufacturing industry has developed to a certain extent in the past decade, especially in China, which has shown a good growth trend. But it is still not up to the standards of a manufacturing power. Through a comprehensive comparative study of the key factors affecting the international competitiveness of the BRICS manufacturing industry, it is found that China has abundant labor resources. The huge international market and competitive advantages such as relatively perfect related industrial links, but China's manufacturing industry is following a low-end product-led trade route, lacking innovation and technology. In addition, China's labor costs have been rising in recent years. With the gradual disappearance of comparative cost advantage and the continuous rise of manufacturing industry in neighboring countries, China's manufacturing industry is facing enormous challenges. Therefore, a series of measures must be taken to improve it. The countermeasures to improve the international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry are as follows: accelerating the transition of Chinese manufacturing industry from low-end market to high-end products, getting rid of the heavy dependence of economy on resources and great pressure on environment to achieve sustainable development; It is necessary to reform the mode of development of the manufacturing industry, adjust the trade structure, improve the overall quality of the economic development of China's manufacturing industry, build a mature and stable investment environment with low labor costs, expand foreign investment and introduce foreign capital technology. Improve overall international competitiveness.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F414

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