中国化肥行业发展对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 05:04

本文选题：化肥产业　切入点：发展现状　出处：《中国农业科学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：化肥是影响“三农”问题和决定生态环境质量的重要因素，化肥产业的健康发展对保障我国粮食安全与农业发展具有重要意义。本研究通过对实地调查与资料收集等手段所掌握的信息进行整理与分析，系统阐述了我国化肥行业的发展现状与化肥市场需求状况，深入剖析了化肥行业所面临的问题与挑战，，并提出了相应的政策建议，以期为我国化肥行业的可持续发展与政府决策提供相关理论参考。主要的研究结论如下，当前我国化肥行业的发展特点总体表现为：（1）化肥产量增长较快，已位居世界前列，化肥总用量和单位面积用量已经处于世界较高水平；（2）化肥需求结构变化较大，复合肥和钾肥等高浓度肥料的施用比例逐年增大，而氮肥需求的比例缩小；（3）化肥市场竞争日益激烈化，各个生产和销售企业千方百计扩大销售；（4）行业技术装备水平和产业集中度显著提高；（5）资源保障度大幅提升，为行业可持续发展提供了物质基础；（6）在保证国内供应前提下，积极参与国际市场竞争。我国化肥行业的不足之处在于：产业结构有待优化，生产技术创新水平仍需提高；化肥产品结构向多元化方向发展，但仍存在不均；化肥营销方式和服务理念仍需转变；化肥生产与不合理的使用过程中对生态环境造成了破坏。针对我国化肥行业存在的问题与不足，化肥产业在未来的发展中应注重以下几点：(1)随着原料价格不断的上涨，以及国家对化肥产业的优惠政策的逐步取消，化肥企业应合理减少成本投入，延伸其生产的产业链，逐步提高自身的生存能力，从而实现可持续的发展；（2）优化产品结构，提高企业的竞争能力，借鉴国外化肥产业先进的生产技术，生产出产品浓度高，施用效果好和利用率高的肥料；（3）加速化肥生产企业要与流通企业之间的融合，从单一生产、流通型向生产经营型、服务型转变；（4）加大对环境友好型化肥产品的技术研制与开发。
[Abstract]:Chemical fertilizer is an important factor that affects the "three rural" problems and determines the quality of ecological environment. The healthy development of chemical fertilizer industry is of great significance to ensure the food security and agricultural development of our country. The present situation of chemical fertilizer industry and the demand of chemical fertilizer market in China are systematically expounded. The problems and challenges faced by chemical fertilizer industry are deeply analyzed, and the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward. In order to provide relevant theoretical reference for the sustainable development of chemical fertilizer industry and government decision-making in China. The main conclusions are as follows. At present, the characteristics of the development of the chemical fertilizer industry in China are as follows: (1) the output of chemical fertilizer has increased rapidly, and it has already ranked the forefront in the world, and the total amount of fertilizer and the amount of fertilizer per unit area are already at a higher level in the world.) the structure of chemical fertilizer demand has changed greatly. The proportion of high concentration fertilizer such as compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer increases year by year, but the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer demand is reduced. Every production and sales enterprise does everything it can to expand its sales. (4) the level of technical equipment in the industry and the degree of industrial concentration are significantly improved. The degree of resource guarantee is greatly enhanced, which provides a material basis for the sustainable development of the industry.) on the premise of ensuring domestic supply, Actively participate in international market competition. The shortcomings of the chemical fertilizer industry in China lie in the following aspects: the industrial structure needs to be optimized, the level of production technology innovation still needs to be improved, the chemical fertilizer product structure is developing in the direction of diversification, but there is still unevenness, the marketing mode and service concept of chemical fertilizer still need to be changed. Chemical fertilizer production and irrational use of the process caused damage to the ecological environment. In view of the problems and shortcomings of the chemical fertilizer industry in China, in the future development of the chemical fertilizer industry, we should pay attention to the following points: 1) with the rising prices of raw materials and the gradual cancellation of the preferential policies of the state on the chemical fertilizer industry, Chemical fertilizer enterprises should reasonably reduce the cost input, extend the industrial chain of their production, and gradually improve their survival ability, so as to realize the sustainable development and optimize the product structure and enhance the competitive power of the enterprises. Drawing lessons from the advanced production technology of foreign chemical fertilizer industry, producing fertilizer with high product concentration, good application effect and high utilization ratio) speeding up the integration between chemical fertilizer production enterprises and circulation enterprises, from single production, circulation type to production and management type, Service-oriented transformation) to increase the environmental-friendly chemical fertilizer product technology research and development.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.72

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