中国光谷与美国硅谷的比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 09:43

本文选题：中国光谷 + 美国硅谷　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：硅谷,美国西海岸旧金山到圣何塞之间长不到100公里的平坦谷地,诞生于20世纪50年代。经过曲折发展,现已成为世界高科技的中心和圣殿。硅谷,是美国科学技术发展的必然。在漫长历史进程之中,硅谷的缔造者们,在实践的基础上,以技术创新为出发点,以风险资本为助推力,摸索和总结出了有利于硅谷的发展模式：为世界所广泛认可的“硅谷模式”。几十年来,这种模式在发展中得到丰富,在实践中得到完善.对世界科技园区建设产生深远的影响。世界各国都在纷纷“复制”硅谷的模式,建立自己的高科技园区。硅谷的发展模式虽然不能完全复制,但可以借鉴,对发展我国高科技园区能够提供若干启不。进入上个世纪90年代后期,面对光电子技术和产业的迅速发展和世界高科技檄烈竞争的态势,我国中央政府和一些省市政府审时度势,充分利用我国在信息、光电子产业和技术方面己经取得的成就.在抓好全国高新区建设的基础上,又筛选了几个区域优势明显,科技实力强,人才资源丰厚,高科产业群体突出的城市或区域,并借鉴硅谷模式。创办了具有中国特色的“硅谷”,打起了以光电子技术为主导的“中国光谷”牌。中国“武汉·光谷”诞生于2000年5月,经国家批准“中国光谷”正式落户武汉东湖高新技术开发区。作为中国第一家国家级的光电子产业基地所在地,它以每年30%的速度跨越式发展,这片幅员518平方公里的土地如今已经成为创业者的乐园、领先企业的聚集地,武汉的人文科技新城,活力无限的科技创新之地。与美国硅谷相比,光谷园区建设起步较晚,但通过对两个不同科技园区社会人文环境、运行机制和管理体制的比较,可以找出存在的差异,从中得到启示。世界科技园区发展的历史证明,要搞好中国光谷的建设,就必须明确界定政府的作用,加速培植主导产业集群,强化产学研整体功能,建立风险机制,拓宽融资渠道。培育光谷文化,营造创业氛围,增强商业环境意识,构架信用体系,改善人才成长环境,落实激励机制。总之,我国光谷要想真正发展成为世界著名的科技园区,就必须走科技优势取胜,产业优势取胜,竞争优势取胜,机制优势取胜,人才优势取胜之路。本文通过文献研究、对比分析,从六个维度较系统地研究了中国光谷和美国硅谷之相同与不同之处,从而得到一些有益于中国光谷发展的启示。同时对中国光谷当前形式进行了SWOT分析。最后,通过对与美国硅谷对比得出的结果,提出中国光谷发展的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Silicon Valley, a flat valley less than 100 kilometers from San Francisco to San Jose on the West Coast of the United States, was born in the 1950s. After tortuous development, has become the world's high-tech center and temple. Silicon Valley is the inevitable development of American science and technology. In the course of long history, the founders of Silicon Valley, on the basis of practice, take technological innovation as the starting point and venture capital as the booster. This paper explores and summarizes the development model in favor of Silicon Valley: the Silicon Valley Model, which is widely recognized in the world. Over the past few decades, this model has been enriched in development and perfected in practice. To the world science and technology park construction produces the profound influence. Countries around the world are copying Silicon Valley's model and building their own high-tech parks. Although the development mode of Silicon Valley can not be completely copied, it can be used for reference and can provide some enlightenment for the development of high-tech parks in China. In the late 1990s, in the face of the rapid development of optoelectronics technology and industry and the fierce competition of high-tech in the world, the central government of our country and some provincial and municipal governments assessed the situation and made full use of the information in our country. The achievements of optoelectronics industry and technology. Based on the construction of national high-tech zones, several cities or regions with obvious advantages, strong scientific and technological strength, rich talent resources and outstanding high-tech industrial groups are selected, and the Silicon Valley model is used for reference. Founded with Chinese characteristics of Silicon Valley, played the optoelectronic technology-led "China Optical Valley" brand. China "Wuhan Optical Valley" was born in May 2000, and officially settled in Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone by the approval of the state. As the first national optoelectronics industry base in China, it leaps and bounds at an annual rate of 30 percent. The 518 square kilometers of land has now become a paradise for entrepreneurs and a gathering place for leading enterprises. Wuhan's new city of humanities and science and technology, the vitality of science and technology innovation. Compared with the Silicon Valley of America, the construction of Optical Valley Park started late, but through the comparison of social and humanistic environment, operation mechanism and management system of two different science and technology parks, we can find out the existing differences and draw inspiration from them. The history of the development of the World Science and Technology Park proves that in order to do a good job in the construction of China's optical valley, it is necessary to clearly define the role of the government, accelerate the cultivation of leading industrial clusters, strengthen the overall function of production, education and research, establish a risk mechanism, and broaden the financing channels. Cultivate the culture of Guanggu, create the atmosphere of starting a business, strengthen the consciousness of business environment, construct the credit system, improve the environment of talent growth, and implement the incentive mechanism. In a word, if our country wants to develop into a famous science and technology park in the world, we must take the road of winning in science and technology, in industry, in competition, in mechanism and in talent. Through literature research and comparative analysis, this paper systematically studies the similarities and differences between China Optical Valley and Silicon Valley of the United States from six dimensions, and obtains some enlightenment beneficial to the development of China Optical Valley. At the same time, the current form of China Optical Valley is analyzed by SWOT. Finally, through the comparison with American Silicon Valley, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions on the development of China Optical Valley.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F276.44;F416.6

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