销售电价隐性补贴及改革的经济影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 10:10

本文选题：销售电价 + 隐性补贴　；参考：《中国工业经济》2014年12期

【摘要】：销售电价补贴是电价市场化改革的重要难题,改革方案设计具有较大的社会敏感性。中国现行居民销售电价补贴是通过政府管制下的低电价和扭曲电价结构来实现的,这是一种典型的电价隐性交叉补贴政策,是福利性供电体制的重要体现。本文通过对中国居民销售电价扭曲程度和电价补贴目标群体受益指数的测算发现,作为一种以公平为目标的补贴政策,现行的销售电价隐性交叉补贴政策既无效率又无公平,在牺牲工商业经济增长和付出较高环境代价的同时,电价补贴存在明显的补贴"漏出",普惠制低电价补贴的最大受益者并不是低收入群体。市场化改革要求取消扭曲电价的隐性交叉补贴,改革总体上并不会恶化居民消费支付能力,电力企业的收益将更为合理,并将显著降低电力行业污染物排放,同时与有效的减排政策协同设计则不会增加工业污染物排放。居民电力消费补贴机制改革的方向是分离电价公共政策工具角色,建立效率与公平兼容的针对低收入群体的市场化电力消费补贴机制。
[Abstract]:The sale price subsidy is an important problem in the reform of electricity price marketization, and the design of the reform scheme has greater social sensitivity. The current subsidy for selling electricity price in China is realized through the low electricity price and distorted electricity price structure under the control of the government, which is a typical implicit cross-subsidy policy of electricity price and an important embodiment of the welfare power supply system. Based on the measurement of the distortion degree of electricity price and the benefit index of the target group of electricity price subsidy in China, this paper finds that as a subsidy policy aiming at fairness, the current implicit cross-subsidy policy of selling electricity price is neither efficient nor fair. At the same time of sacrificing the economic growth of industry and commerce and paying a higher environmental cost, there are obvious "leakage" of subsidies in electricity price subsidies, and the biggest beneficiaries of GSP low electricity price subsidies are not low-income groups. The market-oriented reform requires the elimination of the implicit cross-subsidy which distorts the electricity price. The reform will not worsen the residents' ability to pay for consumption, and the income of the power enterprises will be more reasonable, and the emission of pollutants from the power industry will be significantly reduced. At the same time, coordinated design with effective emission reduction policies will not increase industrial pollutant emissions. The direction of the reform of the power consumption subsidy mechanism of residents is to separate the role of public policy tool of electricity price and to establish an efficient and fair and compatible market-oriented electricity consumption subsidy mechanism for low-income groups.
【作者单位】：浙江财经大学中国政府管制研究院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国城市公用事业政府监管体系创新研究”(批准号12&ZD211) 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“寡头三级价格歧视竞争效应与反垄断审查机制研究”(批准号14YJA790051) 浙江省哲学社会科学重点基地重点项目“节能减排约束下的深化电力体制改革研究”(批准号12JDGZ02Z)
【分类号】：F426.61;F726

【共引文献】