我国生物质发电产业效率评价及改进途径研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 13:05

本文选题：生物质发电 + 产业效率　；参考：《华北电力大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着化石能源的不断减少,能源问题成为了严重制约世界各国经济和社会发展的重要因素。我国作为人口众多的发展中国家,能源相对较贫乏,加之我国经济持续增长,工业化及城市化进程的不断加快,能源产出和消耗之间的缺口会逐渐加大。作为易储存的可再生能源,生物质发电产业越来越受到世界各个国家的关注,该产业也成为了具有发展潜力的新兴产业。开发生物质发电不仅能够缓解能源供应危机、优化能源结构,还能产生明显的碳排放减少及环境改善效果。与水电、核电、风电及光伏发电等新能源发电形式相比,我国生物质发电产业起步较晚,市场化程度较低,属于能源领域的新兴产业,但是我国的生物质储量丰富,有大规模发展的前景。论文在总结我国生物质发电产业发展现状的基础上,选择具有产业代表性的厂商,以装机容量、总投资额、年燃料消耗量作为输入变量,反应技术、资金和资源方面的投入,以年发电量、年减排量、年节约标煤量为输出变量,反映行业生产、环境和节能方面的产出。收集2011年最新厂商数据,通过DEA中的规模报酬可变模型和权重约束模型对厂商的生产效率进行评价,并以厂商效率的集合作为评价产业效率的依据。综合DEA的评价结果,论文采用投影值分析和规模效应分析法,以规模报酬可变模型的评价结果为基础,探讨了如何从微观层面提高厂商的生产效率,进而提高整个产业的资源配置效率。还进一步从宏观角度,分析影响我国生物质发电产业的主要因素,并针对这些因素提出相应改进措施,提出了一些技术、电价和绿色交易证书等方面的政策,使我国生物质发电产业能够在实证的基础上,制定合理的生物质发电产业发展规划,一方面加快生物质发电产业的发展进程,另一方面避免在发展进程中偏离最佳发展路径。
[Abstract]:With the decrease of fossil energy, the energy problem has become an important factor that restricts the economic and social development of countries in the world. As a developing country with a large population, our country is relatively poor in energy resources. In addition, the gap between energy output and consumption will be gradually enlarged due to the sustained economic growth and the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization. As a renewable energy, biomass power generation industry has attracted more and more attention from all over the world, and has become a new industry with potential development. The development of biomass power generation can not only alleviate the crisis of energy supply, optimize the energy structure, but also produce significant carbon emission reduction and environmental improvement. Compared with new forms of energy generation, such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and photovoltaic power generation, The biomass power generation industry in China starts late and has a low degree of marketization. It belongs to the emerging industry in the field of energy, but the biomass reserves are abundant in our country. On the basis of summing up the present situation of biomass power generation industry in China, the paper selects the representative manufacturers, taking the installed capacity, total investment, annual fuel consumption as input variables, reaction technology, Investment in capital and resources, with annual electricity generation, annual emission reduction and annual saving of standard coal as output variables, reflecting the output of the industry in terms of production, environment and energy conservation. This paper collects the latest firm data in 2011, evaluates the production efficiency of the firm through the variable scale reward model and the weight constraint model in DEA, and takes the set of the firm efficiency as the basis to evaluate the industrial efficiency. Using projection value analysis and scale effect analysis, based on the evaluation results of variable scale reward model, this paper discusses how to improve the production efficiency of manufacturers from the micro level, and then improve the resource allocation efficiency of the whole industry. Furthermore, from the macro perspective, the main factors affecting the biomass power generation industry in China are analyzed, and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward, and some policies on technology, electricity price and green trading certificate are put forward. On the one hand, it can speed up the development process of biomass power generation industry, on the other hand, avoid deviating from the best development path in the process of development.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F224;F426.61

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