中国汽车产业转移至非洲问题分析

发布时间：2018-06-28 13:27

本文选题：中国汽车公司 + 依法拆迁　；参考：《大连海事大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：虽然中国进入汽车制造业的时间比韩国和日本晚,但毫无疑问的是,中国有称霸汽车行业的潜力。中国经济的快速增长推动了人们对汽车的需求以及政府尽可能的鼓励国产车的生产,然而这也使世界制造业结构的又一次戏剧性的变化成为了可能。根据中国汽车工业协会(CAAM)的统计和分析,2013年3月份,中国汽车销售量为2,035,100辆,与上个月相比增加了50.22%,与去年同期相比增加10.69%。其中,客车销售量为1,585,500台,比去年同期的42.60%还要高出13.25%,商务车的销售量达到了449,600台,比去年同期的85.15%,高出2.51%。从1月到3月,中国汽车销量超过5424500台,与去年同期相比增长13.18%；客车销量达到423,100台,同比增长17.21%；商用车销量突破1,001,400台,但较去年同期减少1.72%。汽车零部件、汽车服务以及汽车售后的需求带动是汽车销售量增加的本质原因。目前,中国拥有大型汽车公司,并且能够制造一个完整的汽车产品线。尽管中国汽车的质量正在迅速增加,但中国的汽车产业仍然面临着很多的挑战,如：安全保障功能不足；为提高服务质量,需要与最终用户建立信息反馈系统;现代化销售系统落后；国内汽车零件,附件以及售后服务竞争力增大；假冒伪劣产品的盛行；等等…随着工会压力的逐渐增大,工资水平逐渐增长,通货膨胀上升；环保法规的不断增多以及控制力度的不断加大,WTO规则的不断增多,使得汽车领域竞争水平增加。总之,种种原因使得中国制造的汽车不再廉价,摆脱了低质量、低安全的状态。中国制造业特别是汽车产业还要面临的更多的挑战,对于中国继续称霸世界汽车市场,维护其世界上最大工业国的地位,全部或部分的产业转移是一种可选战略。 2012年7月,中非合作论坛会议上,中国商务部部长提到非洲是中国一些产业进行转移的非常有利的地区。受益于此,非洲打破了其经济长期停滞不前的局面,技术知识得到了转变,并得到了雁型模式理论的复制模型。中非间贸易迅速增长,中国在非洲的投资也达到了当前最高水平,计划在未来三年中,中国仍会投入200亿美元的资金使的中国的一些工厂能够继续在非洲得到建设。非洲也会在中国产业转移的过程中收益。除了能够创造就业机会,使其技术得到转变,工业选址也将能够延长“非洲制造”的产品价值链,使得所产产品在全球市场上更具竞争力。中国也会在产业转移的过程中收益,如能够获得非洲较为低廉的劳动力成本,低的土地成本,减少对环境的控制,增加外国投资的机会,增大市场需求和有利扩张,贴近原材料产地和缩短其供应链等。然而,产业转移并不是一件容易的事情。在正式行动之前,应该对产业转移能否解决比预计更多的问题进行评估。本文对中国汽车行业的发展状况做了市场调研,并对中国汽车贸易模式以及中非汽车贸易格局进行了市场分析；应用了选址理论,并选择了非洲的一个城市对本文所述理论进行了实际应用。为确定选址位置以及对样本矩阵进行评估,本文应用了评定量表技术。
[Abstract]:Although China has entered the car industry later than South Korea and Japan, there is no doubt that China has the potential to dominate the auto industry. The rapid growth of China's economy has promoted the demand for cars and the government as much as possible to encourage the production of domestic cars, but this has also made a dramatic change in the structure of the world manufacturing industry. It's possible.
According to the statistics and analysis of the China Auto Industry Association (CAAM), in March 2013, China's car sales were 2035100, an increase of 50.22% compared with the previous month, with an increase of 10.69%. compared with the same period last year, with passenger car sales of 1585500, 13.25% higher than 42.60% in the same period last year, and 449600 commercial vehicles. Compared with 85.15% in the same period last year, China's car sales exceeded 5424500 units from January to March, up 13.18% compared with the same period last year, and passenger car sales reached 423100, up 17.21% from the same period, and commercial vehicle sales exceeded 1001400, but decreased by 1.72%. over the same period of last year.
Auto parts, car services and demand driven after sale are the essential reasons for the increase in car sales. At present, China has large auto companies and can produce a complete line of automobile products. Although the quality of Chinese cars is increasing rapidly, China's auto industry is still facing many challenges, such as Ann. In order to improve the service quality, we need to establish the information feedback system with the end user; the modern sales system is backward; the competitiveness of the domestic automobile parts, accessories and after-sales service is increasing; the prevalence of counterfeit and inferior products; and so on... With the increase of trade union pressure, increasing wage level, rising inflation, increasing environmental regulations and increasing control, the increasing number of WTO rules has increased the competition level in the automobile field. In a word, various reasons make Chinese cars less cheap and free from low quality and low safety. China's manufacturing industry, especially the automotive industry, is facing more challenges. It is an optional strategy for China to continue to dominate the world auto market and maintain its position as the largest industrial country in the world.
In July 2012, at the meeting of the Sino African Cooperation Forum, the Minister of Commerce of China mentioned that Africa was a very favorable region for the transfer of some industries in China. China's investment in Africa has also reached its highest level. In the next three years, China will continue to invest some 20 billion dollars in China's factories to continue to be built in Africa.
Africa will also benefit in the process of China's industrial transfer. In addition to creating jobs and changing its technology, the site will also be able to extend the value chain of "Africa made" products so that the products are more competitive in the global market. China will also benefit from the transfer of industry in the process of industry transfer, such as Africa. Low cost of labor, low land cost, reduce the control of the environment, increase the opportunity for foreign investment, increase market demand and favorable expansion, close to the origin of raw materials and shorten the supply chain.
However, industrial transfer is not an easy task. Before formal action is taken, it is necessary to assess whether industrial transfer can solve more problems than expected.
This paper makes a market survey on the development status of China's auto industry, and analyzes the market model of China's auto trade and the pattern of China Africa automobile trade, applies the location theory and chooses a city in Africa to apply the theory described in this paper to determine the location of the site and the evaluation of the sample matrix. The assessment scale technique is applied in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.471

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