F公司ODM项目采购管理研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 12:28

本文选题：项目采购管理 + 供应商管理　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化和信息技术的发展，采购管理的作用日益凸显，采购已不仅仅是企业或部门的一种独立的功能和一般性的工作，而是一种与公司战略决策紧密相关的综合性管理活动。在项目管理过程中，采购管理也是至关重要的，它几乎贯穿整个项目生命周期，对项目整体管理起着举足轻重的作用，并且采购活动的效率及成效在项目的成本管理中占据着重要位置，对项目的进度及成败有着直接的影响。本文研究对象F公司是一家民营制造型企业，其产品和客户多元化，所建工厂遍布全球，为了提升公司的竞争力，F公司准备从制造、研发一直做到品牌，即由代工生产(Original Equipment Manufacture，简称OEM)向代设计生产(Original Design Manufacture，简称ODM)并最终实现自我品牌生产的转型，转型过程中启动了ODM项目，主要目的是为笔记本电脑ODM业务提供技术支持，用项目采购管理的理论和方法指导笔记本电脑从研发到试产阶段内的整个采购过程，使采购流程和方法更加规范，采购效率更高，采购成本更低。在该项目启动前，F公司其他的ODM业务由于采购计划编制过程中没有充分考虑共享料和专用料的使用先后顺序，多买料的情况频繁出现，公司库存周转率低，所占资金比重大，另外，对供应商的选择、管理、评估没有一套标准的系统流程，询价报价过程也没有系统的监控和指导，致使F公司采购成本居高不下，原材料性价比较低，品质异常增多，这些弊端不仅增加了F公司的运营成本，也降低了客户的满意度，对公司的发展有一定程度的影响。本文通过对ODM业务中的采购管理流程做详细的研究分析，找到了F公司采购流程中的缺陷问题，并有针对性地对这些问题提出了解决方案。本文针对ODM模式替代料关系复杂、出货时间短的特点，，提出了将有直接或间接替代关系的一组料归为一族，在物料分配时整体考虑该族中的所有物料，并在客户的需求变更及时响应和调整采购单，减少呆料，避免缺料。规范了供应商的管理流程，对供应商的选择、询价、考核作业都制订了统一的标准和方法，还构建了一个供应商管理平台，便于各采购部门有效的沟通，保持采购步调的基本一致；便于共享供应商基本资料，让各采购员通过查询供应商的明细和等级，对供应商有更深层次的了解；便于减少供应商的数量，一个供应商在系统中只能存在一个编码，利于各部门汇总采购数量，向供应商集体采购。向绩效考核中评出的优秀供应商推行准时交易模式，让双方建立稳定的、长期的契约供需关系，F公司实现了零库存管理，降低了库存成本，提高了采购管理水平。通过对ODM项目采购管理策略的研究，最终找到了适合笔记本电脑ODM业务模式发展的采购管理制度和流程，对规范ODM项目的采购行为和流程，提高项目采购的管理水平，保证项目的顺利实施有一定的实践指导意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and information technology, the role of procurement management has become increasingly prominent. Procurement is not only an independent function and general work of the enterprise or department, but a comprehensive management activity closely related to the strategic decision of the company. In the process of project management, procurement management is also crucial. Throughout the life cycle of the project, it plays an important role in the overall management of the project, and the efficiency and effectiveness of the procurement activities occupy an important position in the cost management of the project, and have a direct impact on the progress and success of the project.
This article research object F company is a private manufacturing enterprise, its products and customers are diversified, the factories are built all over the world. In order to improve the competitiveness of the company, F company is prepared to produce and develop the brand from manufacturing (Original Equipment Manufacture, OEM) to the generation (Original Design Manufacture, Jane). It is called ODM) and finally realizes the transformation of self brand production. In the process of transformation, the ODM project has been started. The main purpose is to provide technical support for the ODM business of the notebook computer, and to guide the whole procurement process from R & D to trial production by the theory and method of project procurement management, so as to make the procurement process and method more standardized. Before the start of the project, the other ODM business of F company has not fully considered the order of sharing material and special material in the process of purchasing plan, and the situation of buying more frequently appears, the turnover rate of the company is low and the proportion of the funds is significant. In addition, the selection, management and evaluation of the suppliers are not done. A standard system process, the inquiry quotation process has not been systematically monitored and guided, resulting in the high cost of the F company, the low cost of raw materials and the increase of quality. These disadvantages not only increase the operating cost of F company, but also reduce the satisfaction of the customers, and have a certain influence on the development of the company.
In this paper, through a detailed study and analysis of the procurement management process in the ODM business, this paper finds out the defects in the F company's procurement process and puts forward some solutions to these problems. In this paper, a group of materials which will have direct or indirect replacement relations are proposed in view of the complex relationship of the ODM model and the short delivery time. As a family, we consider all the materials in the family as a whole in the material distribution, and respond and adjust the purchase orders in time to the customer's needs, reduce the dull material and avoid the lack of material. It standardizes the management process of the suppliers, sets up a unified standard and method for the selection of suppliers, inquiries and assessment operations, and also constructs a supplier management. The platform can facilitate the effective communication between the procurement departments, maintain the basic agreement of the purchase pace, facilitate the sharing of the basic information of the suppliers, let the purchasers have a deeper understanding of the suppliers by inquiring the suppliers' details and grades, and facilitate the reduction of the number of suppliers. One supplier can only have one code in the system, which is beneficial to the supplier. All departments collect the quantity of purchasing and purchase the suppliers collectively. To the outstanding suppliers evaluated in the performance appraisal, the punctual trading model is carried out to make both sides establish stable, long-term contract supply and demand relationship. F company realizes the zero inventory management, reduces the inventory cost and improves the management level of the purchase.
Through the study of ODM project procurement management strategy, the purchase management system and process suitable for the development of the ODM business model of the notebook computer are finally found. It has some practical guiding significance for standardizing the procurement behavior and process of the ODM project, improving the management level of the project procurement, and ensuring the smooth implementation of the project.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F253;F274;F426.671

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