建筑的国际比较及方法研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 10:33

本文选题：ICP + 建筑国际比较　；参考：《东北财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：ICP是一项全球性统计合作项目,主要目的是测算各种货币的购买力平价(PPP),以便以PPP为转换系数,将各国国内生产总值(GDP)转换为用统一货币单位表示的数据,从而比较和评价各国的实际经济规模和结构。ICP每5年举行一次,目前为止该项目已经完成七轮国际比较,2011年是全球第八轮ICP活动的调查基准年,自2011年1月起,全球170个国家和地区同时开展ICP调查,整个项目活动预期会在2013年底结束。经国务院批准,我国将首次全面参加新一轮ICP活动。本文基于第八轮国际比较大背景,对建筑业国际比较方法进行研究。建筑业作为固定资产形成总额的一部分,其在国民生产总值中的比重是不容忽视的。在比较过程中,由于建筑业存在较强的地域性、民族性及结构复杂性,使得其不能采用国际比较的通用方法,即建筑业必须采用特有的、专门性的国际比较方法进行建筑国际比较,但也正是由于建筑业较强的地域性、民族性及结构复杂性,使得建筑比较方法的研究异常困难,一直被视为国际比较的“顽疾”。目前,学术界对建筑国际比较方法的研究成果很有限。本文致力于该领域的研究,争取为国际比较项目中建筑国际比较方法体系的完善添一份力。本文共分为五个章节。第一章为绪论。介绍本文的研究背景及意义,并总结国内外研究成果,归纳并形成文献综述。第二章为建筑国际比较常用方法研究。本章主要阐释三种常使用的其他建筑国际比较方法：OECD-Eurostat方法、CIS方法、BOCC方法,每一种方法的阐述分为两个方面：一是方法的理论阐释,二是方法的述评。通过理论框架的分析可以对该方法有一个整体的了解,然后对方法存在的不足进行阐述,争取为方法的进一步完善提供借鉴。第三章为2011轮ICP建筑国际比较的方法研究。本章将2011轮建筑国际比较方法按项目实施进程,分阶段阐述,新方法的实施过程主要分四个阶段进行,一是价格数据获取阶段,该阶段的主要内容为建筑层级划分；制定材料清单；价格数据及物品重要性数据的获取,二是权重数据获取阶段,其主要内容包括子类在每个基本类中的权重；三大基本类在建筑中的权重,三是PPP数据调整阶段,数据调整主要包括各种调整因子的调整及生产率的调整,四是数据验证阶段,数据验证主要分为国家内部的验证；区域范围的验证；全球范围的验证三个层次。第四章为建筑国际比较的重难点研究。主要从兼顾建筑规格品的代表性与可比性；材料和产品存在质量差异问题；数据的有效性三个方面进行分析,这是本文的主要内容。第五章为我国参与建筑国际比较存在的问题及建议。本章从我国建筑业对外开放程度及市场化程度不高；我国建筑项目招标中,围标、串标现象影响正常价格水平的获取；我国建筑项目规模分化与发达国家存在差异；我国统计发展水平的限制四个方面进行分析。本文的创新点为：本文以建筑国际比较为研究题目本身就是一个创新点,目前,国际对建筑国际比较的研究大都集中于整体的国际比较,对建筑业的研究较少,国内对该领域的研究几乎处于空白状态,因此,对建筑国际比较的研究是本文的一个创新点。本文的不足：(1)对建筑国际比较的方法研究主要集中在理论分析层面；因没有机会参与建筑国际比较的实际操作,因此对这些方法在操作环节上的可能存在的问题未能做细致研究。(2)对建筑国际比较的研究,主要是基于统计学专业角度,建筑专业角度的分析显得不足。
[Abstract]:ICP is a global statistical cooperation project, the main purpose of which is to measure the purchasing power parity (PPP) of various currencies in order to convert national gross domestic product (GDP) to data expressed in a unified monetary unit with PPP as a conversion factor, thus comparing and evaluating the actual economic scale and structure of countries to be held every 5 years, so far The project has completed seven rounds of international comparison. 2011 is the baseline year of the global eighth round of ICP activities. Since January 2011, 170 countries and regions have carried out ICP surveys simultaneously. The entire project activity is expected to end in the end of 2013. With the approval of the State Council, China will take part in the first round of the new round of ICP activities for the first time.
Based on the eighth round international comparative background, this paper studies the international comparison method of the construction industry. As a part of the total amount of the fixed assets, the proportion of the construction industry in the gross national product can not be ignored. In the process of comparison, because of the strong regional, national and structural complexity of the construction industry, it can not be exploited. With the universal method of international comparison, that is, the construction industry must adopt unique and specialized international comparison methods for international comparison of architecture, but it is also due to the strong regional, national and structural complexity of the construction industry, which makes the research of the architectural comparison method very difficult, a "stubborn disease" which is regarded as international comparison. The research results of the international comparative method of architecture are very limited. This paper is devoted to the research in this field and strives to add a great contribution to the improvement of the international comparative method system in the international comparison projects.
This article is divided into five chapters.
The first chapter is an introduction. It introduces the background and significance of this study, summarizes the research results at home and abroad, and concludes and forms a literature review.
The second chapter is the study of common methods in international architecture. This chapter mainly explains three commonly used international comparison methods of other buildings: OECD-Eurostat method, CIS method and BOCC method. The elaboration of each method is divided into two aspects: the first is the theoretical interpretation of the method, and the two is the review of the method. Have a comprehensive understanding, and then explain the shortcomings of the method, and strive to provide a reference for further improvement of the method.
The third chapter is the study of the international comparison of the 2011 round ICP architecture. This chapter introduces the international comparison method of the 2011 round architecture according to the project implementation process. The implementation process of the new method is divided into four stages, one is the phase of the price data acquisition, the main content of this stage is the construction level division, the material list and the price data are made. And the acquisition of material importance data, two is the weight data acquisition stage, its main content includes the weight of sub class in each basic class; the weight of the three basic classes in the building, three is the PPP data adjustment stage, the data adjustment mainly includes the adjustment of various adjustment factors and the adjustment of production yield, four is the data verification stage, data inspection. The certificate is mainly divided into three parts: the verification within the country; the verification of the regional scope; and the verification of the whole world.
The fourth chapter is the important and difficult research in the international comparison of architecture. The main content is to take into account the representativeness and comparability of the architectural specifications, the quality differences of materials and products, and the three aspects of the validity of the data.
The fifth chapter is the problems and suggestions for the international comparison of China's participation in the building of architecture. This chapter is not high in the degree of opening to the outside world and the degree of marketization in the construction industry of our country; in the bidding of construction projects in China, the phenomenon of bids and collusion affects the acquisition of the normal price level; the differentiation of the scale of construction projects in our country is different from that of the developed countries; Four aspects of the level are analyzed.
The innovation point of this article is that the research topic itself is an innovation point with the international comparison of architecture. At present, the international comparison of architectural international comparison is mostly concentrated on the international comparison of the whole, the research on the construction industry is less, and the domestic research on this field is almost blank. Therefore, the research on the international comparison of the architecture is the original. An innovative point in the article.
The insufficiency of this article: (1) the research on the methods of building international comparison is mainly focused on the theoretical analysis level; because there is no opportunity to participate in the actual operation of the international comparison of the architecture, the possible problems of these methods in the operation are not studied carefully. (2) the Research on the international comparison of the architecture is mainly based on the statistics specialty. The angle of view, the analysis of the architectural professional angle is insufficient.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.92

【参考文献】