我国白酒产业的市场结构、效率和绩效的关系研究
发布时间：2018-07-27 12:15
【摘要】：我国的酒文化源远流长，渗透到社会生活中的各个领域，白酒产业作为我国国民经济的重要产业之一，与我国居民的生活消费息息相关。但我国白酒市场也面临着挑战，一方面受通货膨胀和经济衰退双重因素的影响，正面临着成本上升的压力，表现为中高端市场通过提价释放，，而低端市场，通过市场渗透和扩张带来的规模经济来消化；另一方面，随着国际酒类品牌纷纷抢占中国市场，白酒产销量占整个饮料酒总产量的比重逐年下降。我国白酒产业一方面产能不断增加，另一方面产业内大小企业众多，产业进入门槛比较低，企业数量众多，品牌杂乱，竞争比较激烈，产业秩序紊乱。因此，整合产业市场秩序具有现实的必要性和复杂性，如何提高我国白酒产业的市场份额及竞争力有重要的现实和战略意义。 介于以往的研究多为单纯从产业组织理论出发研究产业的现状，或者单独研究企业的效率。但是对白酒产业效率与绩效之间的实证研究不足，而且对白酒产业是否存在市场结构假说或者效率结构假说的研究是欠缺的。本文糅合了市场结构假说和效率结构假说的观点，在理论上，将效率变量纳入到市场结构和绩效关系的研究中，揭示了我国白酒产业的绩效来源，也是对传统市场结构-市场绩效分析方法的进一步发展，研究白酒产业是否存在市场结构假说或者是否存在效率结构假说，对以后的研究提供参考。 本文主要采用描述性统计的方法和非参数方法——数据包络方法（DEA）来分析白酒产业的市场结构和效率，建立市场集中度、效率和EVA绩效的检验模型，利用最小二乘估计法（OLS），采用Eviews5.0统计软件测算出模型系数，分析其相关性，得出白酒产业绩效的主要来源。 研究结果表明，我国白酒产业的效率和市场集中度是影响绩效的主要因素。从市场结构、效率和绩效的实证研究来看，单独用市场集中度来解释白酒产业的绩效来源时，集中度与绩效呈负相关；而把效率变量加入到传统的市场结构和绩效的检验模型中，集中度、纯技术效率、总效率以及前期的产业总效率与产业绩效正相关，说明我国白酒产业同时存在市场结构假说和效率结构假说，提高白酒产业的经营效率和产业的集中度是提升产业绩效的重要途径，并从市场整顿、企业效率和品牌效应三个方面对我国白酒产业绩效的提升提出建议。本文的主要创新点在于，国内对市场结构、效率和绩效关系的研究，大多集中在银行业、保险业等金融行业，而其他产业的类似研究较少，白酒产业则几乎没有类似研究，在研究对象上有一定的新意。同时，在绩效指标的选取上，采用经济附加值（EVA）来衡量白酒产业的绩效，比以往大多数研究采用利润率为绩效指标更具有实践意义。
[Abstract]:The wine culture of our country has a long history and permeates into every field of social life. As one of the important industries of our national economy, liquor industry is closely related to the living consumption of Chinese residents. However, the liquor market in China is also facing challenges. On the one hand, affected by the dual factors of inflation and economic recession, it is facing the pressure of rising costs, which is manifested in the release of the middle and high-end markets through price increases, while at the low end of the market. On the other hand, the proportion of liquor production and sales to the total output of beverage decreased year by year with the international wine brands have seized the Chinese market. On the one hand, the production capacity of liquor industry in China is increasing, on the other hand, there are many large and small enterprises in the industry, the threshold of entry is relatively low, the number of enterprises is numerous, the brand is chaotic, the competition is more intense, and the industrial order is in disorder. Therefore, it is necessary and complicated to integrate the order of industry market. How to improve the market share and competitiveness of Chinese liquor industry has important realistic and strategic significance. Most of the previous studies are based on the theory of industrial organization, or on the efficiency of enterprises alone. However, the empirical study on the relationship between liquor industry efficiency and performance is insufficient, and the research on whether there is market structure hypothesis or efficiency structure hypothesis in liquor industry is lacking. This paper combines the viewpoints of market structure hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis. In theory, the efficiency variable is brought into the study of the relationship between market structure and performance, and the performance source of liquor industry in China is revealed. It is also the further development of the traditional market structure-market performance analysis method. The study on whether there is market structure hypothesis or efficiency structure hypothesis in liquor industry provides a reference for future research. In this paper, the descriptive statistical method and non-parametric method, data envelopment method (DEA), are used to analyze the market structure and efficiency of liquor industry, and the test model of market concentration, efficiency and EVA performance is established. The model coefficients were calculated by using the least square estimation method (OLS),) and the Eviews5.0 software, and the correlation was analyzed, and the main source of liquor industry performance was obtained. The results showed that the efficiency and market concentration of liquor industry in China were the main factors affecting the performance. From the empirical study of market structure, efficiency and performance, there is a negative correlation between concentration and performance when the market concentration is used to explain the source of liquor industry performance. When the efficiency variable is added to the traditional market structure and performance test model, concentration, pure technical efficiency, total efficiency and industry efficiency in the early period are positively related to the industrial performance. It is concluded that both market structure hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis exist in liquor industry in China. Improving the management efficiency and industrial concentration of liquor industry is an important way to improve the industrial performance. Three aspects of enterprise efficiency and brand effect are proposed to improve the performance of liquor industry in China. The main innovation of this paper is that most of the domestic researches on the relationship among market structure, efficiency and performance are concentrated in the banking, insurance and other financial industries, but there are few similar studies in other industries, and there is almost no similar research in liquor industry. There are some new ideas in the research object. At the same time, in the selection of performance indicators, the use of economic added value (EVA) to measure the performance of liquor industry, compared with most previous studies using profit as performance indicators has more practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.8
[Abstract]:The wine culture of our country has a long history and permeates into every field of social life. As one of the important industries of our national economy, liquor industry is closely related to the living consumption of Chinese residents. However, the liquor market in China is also facing challenges. On the one hand, affected by the dual factors of inflation and economic recession, it is facing the pressure of rising costs, which is manifested in the release of the middle and high-end markets through price increases, while at the low end of the market. On the other hand, the proportion of liquor production and sales to the total output of beverage decreased year by year with the international wine brands have seized the Chinese market. On the one hand, the production capacity of liquor industry in China is increasing, on the other hand, there are many large and small enterprises in the industry, the threshold of entry is relatively low, the number of enterprises is numerous, the brand is chaotic, the competition is more intense, and the industrial order is in disorder. Therefore, it is necessary and complicated to integrate the order of industry market. How to improve the market share and competitiveness of Chinese liquor industry has important realistic and strategic significance. Most of the previous studies are based on the theory of industrial organization, or on the efficiency of enterprises alone. However, the empirical study on the relationship between liquor industry efficiency and performance is insufficient, and the research on whether there is market structure hypothesis or efficiency structure hypothesis in liquor industry is lacking. This paper combines the viewpoints of market structure hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis. In theory, the efficiency variable is brought into the study of the relationship between market structure and performance, and the performance source of liquor industry in China is revealed. It is also the further development of the traditional market structure-market performance analysis method. The study on whether there is market structure hypothesis or efficiency structure hypothesis in liquor industry provides a reference for future research. In this paper, the descriptive statistical method and non-parametric method, data envelopment method (DEA), are used to analyze the market structure and efficiency of liquor industry, and the test model of market concentration, efficiency and EVA performance is established. The model coefficients were calculated by using the least square estimation method (OLS),) and the Eviews5.0 software, and the correlation was analyzed, and the main source of liquor industry performance was obtained. The results showed that the efficiency and market concentration of liquor industry in China were the main factors affecting the performance. From the empirical study of market structure, efficiency and performance, there is a negative correlation between concentration and performance when the market concentration is used to explain the source of liquor industry performance. When the efficiency variable is added to the traditional market structure and performance test model, concentration, pure technical efficiency, total efficiency and industry efficiency in the early period are positively related to the industrial performance. It is concluded that both market structure hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis exist in liquor industry in China. Improving the management efficiency and industrial concentration of liquor industry is an important way to improve the industrial performance. Three aspects of enterprise efficiency and brand effect are proposed to improve the performance of liquor industry in China. The main innovation of this paper is that most of the domestic researches on the relationship among market structure, efficiency and performance are concentrated in the banking, insurance and other financial industries, but there are few similar studies in other industries, and there is almost no similar research in liquor industry. There are some new ideas in the research object. At the same time, in the selection of performance indicators, the use of economic added value (EVA) to measure the performance of liquor industry, compared with most previous studies using profit as performance indicators has more practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.8
【参考文献】
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