基于物料分类的采购方法研究

发布时间：2018-08-24 19:08

【摘要】：随着市场竞争的变化，，现在企业之间的竞争已经由单一企业的竞争转为供应链的竞争，而采购在企业的产品开发、生产运作、质量保证及经营管理中扮演着越来越重要的作用。本文将从采购物料分类的角度研究供应链环境下制造企业的采购管理方法与策略，并以A公司的笔记本电脑物料为例进行应用验证。论文首先分析采购管理和供应商管理等相关背景与需求，在此基础上提出现有研究的不足，从而展开本论文三大内容：1、物料分类模型，2、供应商评价与选择方法，3、供应商绩效管理技术。分别采用基于AHP的改进三维Kraljic物料分类方法，基于TOPSIS的供应商评价与选择方法，基于灰色关联分析的供应商绩效评价方法。并从差异化的角度研究制造企业的采购管理策略。最后通过应用示例验证来进行本论文方法与技术的演示。论文将传统的二维Kraljic矩阵进行改进，构建了基于业务影响特性、供应风险特性和物料价值特性的三维分类模型，强调所采购的物料在产品全生命周期特别是作为最终产品递给消费者的作用，从而将企业采购物料进行更加科学的分类。此外，论文还基于供应链环境提出了差异化供应商管理策略，并从供应商评价与选择、供应商绩效管理两个方面论述了其实施方法与过程，有效地解决传统的供应商评价方法针对性不强的问题，并通过不同的算法对它们进行验证。最后通过A公司的示例验证效果证明了本论文所述方法的有效性，对企业采购效率的提高及供应商差异化管理有一定的理论与实践意义。
[Abstract]:With the change of market competition, the competition among enterprises has changed from the competition of single enterprise to the competition of supply chain. Procurement plays a more and more important role in product development, production operation, quality assurance and management of enterprises. This paper will study the purchasing management methods and strategies of manufacturing enterprises under the environment of supply chain from the perspective of purchasing material classification, and take the notebook computer material of company A as an example to carry on the application verification. Firstly, the paper analyzes the background and requirements of purchasing management and supplier management, and then points out the shortcomings of the existing research. Thus, the three major contents of this paper are as follows: 1: 1, material classification model 2, supplier evaluation and selection method 3, supplier performance management technology. The improved 3D Kraljic material classification method based on AHP, the supplier evaluation and selection method based on TOPSIS, and the supplier performance evaluation method based on grey relational analysis are adopted respectively. And from the perspective of differentiation, the procurement management strategy of manufacturing enterprises is studied. Finally, the method and technology of this paper are demonstrated by the application of examples. In this paper, the traditional two-dimensional Kraljic matrix is improved to construct a three-dimensional classification model based on the characteristics of business impact, supply risk and material value. It emphasizes the function of the materials purchased in the whole product life cycle, especially as the final product to the consumer, thus the enterprise purchases the materials to carry on the more scientific classification. In addition, based on the supply chain environment, the paper puts forward the strategy of differentiated supplier management, and discusses its implementation method and process from two aspects: supplier evaluation and selection, supplier performance management. It can effectively solve the problem that the traditional supplier evaluation methods are not specific, and verify them by different algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of the method described in this paper is proved by the example of A company, which has a certain theoretical and practical significance for the improvement of purchasing efficiency and the management of supplier differentiation.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F274;F426.671;F224

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