产业集聚对中国制造业企业出口行为的影响研究
发布时间：2018-10-11 11:42
【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国经济经历了“奇迹般的增长”,特别是中国的对外贸易的发展壮大(无论是总量还是增速),与此同时,中国企业的产业集聚现象也表现的尤为突出。本文试图从经济地理集聚的角度为解答中国制造业出口快速增长之谜提供答案。从本质上来说,产业集聚是一种外部规模经济,出口企业的产业集聚可以有效地降低集聚区内企业的交易成本或者生产成本,进而有利于集聚区内的出口企业消除沉没成本的阻碍,提高进入出口市场的概率,加大出口的份额。 为了细化分析产业集聚对中国制造业出口行为的影响,本文做了三个方面的工作：一是采用微观层面的数据来克服使用宏观数据时可能产生的“合成偏误”：二是采用LP半参数估计方法来克服生产率估计的选择性偏误和联立性偏误；三是测度集聚程度时采用EG指数以控制企业规模的影响。 本文运用probit模型和tobit模型对中国制造业2000年～2007年60多万企业混合面板数据的出口倾向和出口强度分别进行估计,结果发现：产业集聚对制造业企业的出口概率和出口强度均产生显著的正向影响,并且对企业的出口倾向和出口强度的边际效应为正；进一步地,产业集聚对企业出口概率和已出口企业的出口强度的促进作用略低于企业全要素生产率对企业出口行为的影响。企业前一期的全要素生产率、企业规模、人力资本、沉没成本及外资产权性质等因素对制造业企业出口行为都有着显著地正向影响,而国有性质产权属性对出口行为影响则为负,企业年龄对出口倾向的影响显著为负,但对出口强度的影响则是显著为正。而且上述因素对异质性企业出口行为的影响存在着区域差异和产业差异。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has experienced "miraculous growth", especially the development and growth of China's foreign trade (whether the total or the growth rate). At the same time, the phenomenon of industrial agglomeration of Chinese enterprises is particularly prominent. This paper attempts to provide an answer to the riddle of the rapid growth of China's manufacturing exports from the point of view of economic geographical agglomeration. In essence, industrial agglomeration is an external economy of scale. The industrial agglomeration of export enterprises can effectively reduce the transaction or production costs of enterprises in the agglomeration area. Thus, the export enterprises in the agglomeration area can eliminate the hindrance of sunk cost, increase the probability of entering the export market and increase the share of export. In order to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration on the export behavior of China's manufacturing industry, This paper has done three aspects of work: one is to use microcosmic data to overcome the "composite bias" that may occur when using macro data; the other is to use LP semi-parameter estimation method to overcome the selective bias of productivity estimation. Error and simultaneous bias; Third, to measure the degree of agglomeration using EG index to control the impact of enterprise size. In this paper, probit model and tobit model are used to estimate the export tendency and export intensity of more than 600,000 enterprises in China from 2000 to 2007. The results show that industrial agglomeration has a significant positive effect on the export probability and export intensity of manufacturing enterprises, and the marginal effect on export tendency and export intensity is positive. The effect of industrial agglomeration on export probability and export intensity of export enterprises is slightly lower than that of total factor productivity (TFP) on export behavior. The factors such as total factor productivity, enterprise size, human capital, sunk cost and property right of foreign capital have significant positive effects on the export behavior of manufacturing enterprises in the previous period. On the other hand, the property attribute of state-owned property has negative influence on export behavior, the influence of enterprise age on export tendency is negative, but the influence on export intensity is significant positive. Moreover, there are regional differences and industrial differences in the influence of these factors on the export behavior of heterogeneous enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.62;F425
本文编号：2264064
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has experienced "miraculous growth", especially the development and growth of China's foreign trade (whether the total or the growth rate). At the same time, the phenomenon of industrial agglomeration of Chinese enterprises is particularly prominent. This paper attempts to provide an answer to the riddle of the rapid growth of China's manufacturing exports from the point of view of economic geographical agglomeration. In essence, industrial agglomeration is an external economy of scale. The industrial agglomeration of export enterprises can effectively reduce the transaction or production costs of enterprises in the agglomeration area. Thus, the export enterprises in the agglomeration area can eliminate the hindrance of sunk cost, increase the probability of entering the export market and increase the share of export. In order to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration on the export behavior of China's manufacturing industry, This paper has done three aspects of work: one is to use microcosmic data to overcome the "composite bias" that may occur when using macro data; the other is to use LP semi-parameter estimation method to overcome the selective bias of productivity estimation. Error and simultaneous bias; Third, to measure the degree of agglomeration using EG index to control the impact of enterprise size. In this paper, probit model and tobit model are used to estimate the export tendency and export intensity of more than 600,000 enterprises in China from 2000 to 2007. The results show that industrial agglomeration has a significant positive effect on the export probability and export intensity of manufacturing enterprises, and the marginal effect on export tendency and export intensity is positive. The effect of industrial agglomeration on export probability and export intensity of export enterprises is slightly lower than that of total factor productivity (TFP) on export behavior. The factors such as total factor productivity, enterprise size, human capital, sunk cost and property right of foreign capital have significant positive effects on the export behavior of manufacturing enterprises in the previous period. On the other hand, the property attribute of state-owned property has negative influence on export behavior, the influence of enterprise age on export tendency is negative, but the influence on export intensity is significant positive. Moreover, there are regional differences and industrial differences in the influence of these factors on the export behavior of heterogeneous enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.62;F425
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