宁夏电网光伏发电接入经济性研究

发布时间：2018-12-18 16:35

【摘要】：能源是人类社会生存和发展的重要物质基础,经济和社会的持续发展离不开安全可靠的能源供应体系,也离不开高效、清洁、经济的能源利用。然而,随着世界各国工业化进程的加大,传统能源的生产利用已出现一系列的问题,一是传统能源的消耗为一次性消费,短时间内能源不会再生,二是会导致环境污染,现在一些地方出现的季节性酸雨和全球性的变暖,都与之相关。因此,人类需要在能源问题上寻找到一条新的出路,减少污染排放,实现可持续发展。太阳能是一种取之不尽用之不竭的新型能源,在国家政策的扶持下,近几年光伏发电得到迅速的发展,宁夏光伏发电也有很快的发展。宁夏太阳能资源丰富,是我国太阳辐射的高能区之一。其地势海拔高、日照时间长、辐射强度高、大气透明度好,并具有直接辐射多、散射辐射少的特点,对于太阳能开发利用十分有利。截止2012年,宁夏已经核准开工建设的光伏发电项目910MW。这些光伏项目分部于宁夏各个地区,以吴忠地区、石嘴山地区、中卫地区较多,主要以35kV电压等级接入宁夏电网。根据这些光伏项目按接入电网点的负荷特点,可将其分为三类：接入高载能集中地区、接入风电集中接入区、接入农业负荷集中区。本文以2015年宁夏电网为基础,对宁夏将建成和即将建成投运的光伏项目和其接入系统方案展开研究,主要致力于对宁夏电网光伏发电项目进行经济评估,并对宁夏电网接入的光伏项目进行整体环保评估。文中先利用财务评价方法对光伏发电项目进行个体项目的经济评估；其后,对不同类接入点的光伏发电项目进行运行效益评估；最后,通过研究2015年所有接入宁夏电网的光伏发电项目,进行环保效益研究,即二氧化碳、二氧化硫、烟尘等的节能减排效应。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important material basis for the survival and development of human society. The sustainable development of economy and society can not be separated from a safe and reliable energy supply system, but also from efficient, clean and economical energy utilization. However, with the increase of industrialization in the world, a series of problems have appeared in the production and utilization of traditional energy. One is that the consumption of traditional energy is a one-time consumption, the other is that the energy will not be regenerated in a short period of time, the other is that it will lead to environmental pollution. Seasonal acid rain and global warming are now associated in some places. Therefore, we need to find a new way to reduce pollution emissions and achieve sustainable development. Solar energy is an inexhaustible new energy source. With the support of national policies, photovoltaic power generation has developed rapidly in recent years, and so has Ningxia photovoltaic power generation. Ningxia is rich in solar energy and is one of the high energy areas of solar radiation in China. It has the characteristics of high elevation, long sunshine time, high radiation intensity, good transparency of atmosphere, high direct radiation and less scattering radiation, which is very beneficial to the development and utilization of solar energy. As of 2012, Ningxia has approved the construction of a photovoltaic project 910 MW. These photovoltaic projects are located in various regions of Ningxia, including Wu Zhong region, Shizuishan area and Zhongwei area. They are mainly connected to Ningxia power grid with 35kV voltage grade. According to the load characteristics of these photovoltaic projects, they can be divided into three categories: access to high-load energy concentration area, access to wind power centralized access area, access to agricultural load concentration area. Based on the Ningxia power grid in 2015, this paper studies the PV project and its access system scheme, which will be completed and will soon be completed and put into operation in Ningxia. It is mainly devoted to the economic evaluation of the photovoltaic power generation project in Ningxia power grid. And the whole environmental protection evaluation of the photovoltaic project connected to Ningxia power grid is carried out. Firstly, the financial evaluation method is used to evaluate the individual project economy of photovoltaic power generation project, and then, the operation benefit of photovoltaic power generation project with different access points is evaluated. Finally, by studying all the photovoltaic power generation projects connected to Ningxia power grid in 2015, the effects of environmental protection, such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, smoke and so on, on energy saving and emission reduction are studied.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.61;TM615

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