发达国家生产性服务业与制造业互动发展研究

发布时间：2019-01-20 11:13

【摘要】：20世纪50年代,发达国家开始由工业经济形态向服务经济形态转变,随着专业化分工的深化及服务外包的兴起,生产性服务业从制造业中不断分离出来,充当着人力资本和知识资本“传送器”的角色,在国民经济发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用,尤其是生产性服务业投入到制造业生产价值链中的各个环节中,成为制造产品差异化、价值增值以及竞争力的主要源泉。进入到知识经济时代,电子和信息技术的快速发展级加速了生产性服务业与制造业的互动融合,产业边界逐渐模糊。制造业服务化和服务专业化是产业演变的一般规律。探索发达国家生产性服务业与制造业的互动机制,在吸收国外先进发展经验的基础上实现我国生产性服务业与制造业的良性互动有利于加快我国转变经济发展方式,实现可持续发展。本文运用理论分析和实证分析相结合的方法,对发达国家生产性服务业与制造业互动发展历程、内在作用机制、互动关系及演进趋势进行了探讨和研究。首先在论述生产性服务业与制造业互动关系的相关理论基础上,归纳生产性服务业与制造业互动演进的四个阶段,并从数理推理的角度分析生产性服务业对制造业效率提升的机制以及制造业反向拉动生产性服务业空间集聚的机制。其次,运用投入产出法对OECD14个代表性发达国家两业互动关系进行了实证研究。最后,提炼出两业互动发展的一般规律和演进趋势。发达国家生产性服务业已由“数量扩张”上升到“质量精进”阶段,与制造业的互动朝着技术、知识密集方向发展。两者之间的关系呈现出由制造业为主导向以生产性服务业为主导转变。生产性服务业内部分工的深化以及供求网络的复杂化使其对制造业的影响力增强,同时,制造业的升级对更加高级、细分的生产性服务的需求不断增加。虽然制造业对生产性服务业的依赖增强,但生产性服务业本身却表现出“自增强”的趋势,受制造业的限制越来越小。发达国家生产性服务业与制造业互动发展的理论分析和实证检验得出生产性服务业与制造业的互动存在着“垂直分离—水平整合”趋势,产业集群间的“群群互动”趋势和“正反馈”趋势。
[Abstract]:In the 1950s, developed countries began to change from industrial economy to service economy. With the deepening of specialization and the rise of service outsourcing, producer services were constantly separated from the manufacturing industry. As the "transmitter" of human capital and knowledge capital, it plays a more and more important role in the development of national economy, especially when producer services are invested in every link of manufacturing production value chain. Become the main source of manufacturing product differentiation, value added and competitiveness. In the era of knowledge economy, the rapid development of electronic and information technology accelerates the integration of producer services and manufacturing industry, and the boundary of industry is gradually blurred. Manufacturing service and service specialization are the general law of industrial evolution. Exploring the interactive mechanism between producer service and manufacturing industry in developed countries and realizing the benign interaction between producer service industry and manufacturing industry on the basis of absorbing foreign advanced development experience will help to accelerate the transformation of economic development mode in China. Achieving sustainable development. By combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis, this paper probes into the interactive development process, internal mechanism, interaction relationship and evolution trend of producer service industry and manufacturing industry in developed countries. On the basis of discussing the interactive relationship between producer service industry and manufacturing industry, this paper summarizes the four stages of interactive evolution between producer service and manufacturing industry. From the point of view of mathematical reasoning, this paper analyzes the mechanism of producer services to improve the efficiency of manufacturing industry and the mechanism of manufacturing industry to pull the spatial agglomeration of producer services. Secondly, the paper makes an empirical study on the interaction between two industries in OECD14 representative developed countries by input-output method. Finally, the general law and evolution trend of the interaction between the two industries are abstracted. Producer services in developed countries have developed from "quantity expansion" to "quality improvement", and the interaction with manufacturing industry has developed towards technology and knowledge intensive. The relationship between the two shows a shift from manufacturing to producer services. With the deepening of the internal division of labor in producer services and the complication of supply and demand network, the influence of producer services on manufacturing industry is enhanced. At the same time, the upgrading of manufacturing industry demands more advanced and subdivided productive services. Although the manufacturing industry relies more on producer services, the producer services itself shows the trend of "self-enhancement", which is less and less restricted by the manufacturing industry. The theoretical analysis and empirical test on the interactive development of producer services and manufacturing industry in developed countries show that the interaction between producer services and manufacturing industry has a trend of "vertical separation and horizontal integration". The trend of "group interaction" and "positive feedback" among industrial clusters.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F414;F719

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