FDI对东北地区工业集聚影响的实证研究

发布时间：2019-04-02 19:50

【摘要】：近年来产业集聚是空间经济学和产业组织理论研究的一个热点问题，并且全球经济一体化的进程使得跨国公司在产业集聚形成中起到了越来越重要的作用。我国改革开放以来，国民经济持续稳定发展，随着经济全球化程度的不断加深，FDI规模日益增长，我国已成为世界FDI大国，国民经济对FDI的依赖程度已超过世界平均水平，产业集聚优势也已经超越低成本优势，成为吸引外资的重要力量。在“十二五”规划中，明确规定了要完善现代产业体系，优化提升传统工业，加快培育战略性新兴产业，优化区域发展空间布局，推动产业集聚发展。在我国，被誉为新中国“工业摇篮”的东北地区，也是较早引入外商直接投资的地区之一。2003年中央颁布了关于东北老工业基地振兴战略后，使东北地区的FDI规模也日趋增长，并取得了喜人成果，这些优势和巨大潜力，是东南沿海等发达地区所不具备的。本文结合国际直接投资理论以及新经济地理理论，运用统计描述法，选用区位熵、空间基尼系数以及EG指数这三个指标对2003—2011年东北地区工业行业中选取的25个细分行业的产业集聚程度进行统计分析；运用计量分析法，将FDI因素纳入产业集聚影响因素分析之中，，选用2003-2011东北地区工业中25个细分业行业的FDI与集聚指标作为样本数据，构建面板数据模型，具体分析FDI对东北地区工业集聚的影响，以提供新的产业集聚理论研究视角。本文首先对FDI和产业集聚的理论以及相关学者研究的成果进行梳理；其次，介绍了东北地区利用FDI的规模、行业分布以及来源地分布，总结出东北地区利用FDI的演变及特点；再次，选用区位熵、空间基尼系数以及EG指数这三个指标统计了东北地区工业各行业的集聚状况并进行了分析。通过运用面板数据模型，选用2003—2011年东北地区工业行业中25个细分行业的FDI和产业集聚指标的样本数据进行实证分析，得出FDI与东北地区工业集聚存在正相关性，但作用并不明显，且存在行业差异的现象。最后对东北地区如何更好的利用外资促进工业集聚的发展从而促进东北地区经济的发展提出了相应的对策建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, industrial agglomeration is a hot issue in the research of spatial economics and industrial organization theory, and the process of global economic integration makes transnational corporations play a more and more important role in the formation of industrial agglomeration. Since China's reform and opening up, the national economy has continued to develop steadily. With the deepening of the degree of economic globalization, the scale of FDI has been increasing day by day. China has become a big country of FDI in the world, and the dependence of the national economy on FDI has exceeded the average level of the world. Industrial agglomeration advantage has also surpassed the low-cost advantage, and become an important force to attract foreign investment. In the 12th five-year Plan, it is clearly stipulated that we should perfect the modern industrial system, optimize the promotion of traditional industries, accelerate the cultivation of strategic emerging industries, optimize the spatial distribution of regional development, and promote the development of industrial agglomeration. In China, Northeast China, which is known as the "cradle of industry" in New China, is also one of the regions where foreign direct investment was introduced earlier. After the Central Committee promulgated the strategy of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China in 2003, the scale of FDI in Northeast China also increased day by day. And has achieved gratifying results, these advantages and huge potential, such as the southeast coast and other developed regions do not have. Based on the theory of international direct investment and the theory of new economic geography, this paper uses the statistical description method to select the location entropy. The spatial Gini coefficient and EG index were used to analyze the degree of industrial agglomeration of 25 industries selected from 2003 to 2011 in Northeast China. By using the econometric analysis method, the FDI factor is included in the analysis of the influencing factors of industrial agglomeration, and the FDI and cluster indexes of 25 sub-industries in the northeast industry of 2003 / 2011 are selected as sample data to construct the panel data model. The impact of FDI on industrial agglomeration in Northeast China is analyzed in detail in order to provide a new perspective of industrial agglomeration theory. This paper first combs the theory of FDI and industrial agglomeration as well as the research results of relevant scholars, secondly, introduces the scale, industry distribution and source distribution of FDI in Northeast China, and summarizes the evolution and characteristics of using FDI in Northeast China. Thirdly, three indexes, location entropy, spatial Gini coefficient and EG index, are selected to statistics and analyze the situation of industrial agglomeration in Northeast China. By using panel data model, the sample data of FDI and industrial agglomeration index of 25 industries in Northeast China from 2003 to 2011 are selected for empirical analysis. It is concluded that there is a positive correlation between FDI and industrial agglomeration in Northeast China, and that there is a positive correlation between FDI and industrial agglomeration in Northeast China from 2003 to 2011. But the role is not obvious, and there are industry differences. Finally, some suggestions are put forward on how to make better use of foreign capital to promote the development of industrial agglomeration and promote the economic development of Northeast China.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F427

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