基于精益生产的装配线平衡分析与改善应用研究

发布时间：2019-04-19 11:43

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展，顾客的需求日趋多样化，我国农业机械制造企业在激烈的竞争中面临众多挑战，迫使企业由传统的生产方式向准时制的精益生产方式转变。然而装配线平衡技术尚没有深入到精益生产管理中去，由装配线不平衡引起的生产效率低下、浪费现象十分严重。在精益生产思想的指导下如何不断地优化装配线，消除装配线中瓶颈、阻滞、不均等浪费现象，使其达到最佳平衡，是本文研究的重点。本文对精益生产、装配线平衡的相关理论、方法以及国内外研究现状进行了分析和总结，并深入研究了精益生产下的装配线平衡。以五征集团农用车驾驶室装配线17工位为研究对象，针对目前存在着产量不能满足市场需求的现实问题，运用精益生产的IE手法对装配线进行分析改善。首先对现状进行了详细的调查研究，做出装配工艺流程图；运用秒表测时法测定各工位作业时间，找出“瓶颈”工位并制定改善方案。其次对总装车间实施6S管理，改善作业环境，消除装配线外浪费。最后重点对“瓶颈”工位进行流程流程分析、双手作业分析及动作因素分析，用MOD法制定标准作业时间。运用精益改善方法对装配线进行局部改善，取得了一定的效果，装配线平衡率有所提高。提出该装配线为第一类平衡问题，传统IE方法不能进一步优化改善的情况下，运用数学模型方法建立了驾驶室装配线第一类平衡问题的0-1规划模型，并进行编程求解，，从整体上进行优化。Lingo软件求解优化后各工位节拍趋于均衡，装配线平衡率显著提高。本文通过运用精益改善与线性规划相结合的方法，以五征集团农用车驾驶室装配线为案例进行改善研究，提高了生产效率、平衡率，取得了显著的效果，同时对其它农业机械制造企业提供了一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and the diversification of customers' demands, Chinese agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises face many challenges in the fierce competition, forcing enterprises to change from the traditional mode of production to the just-in-time lean mode of production. However, the balance technology of assembly line has not gone deep into lean production management, the production efficiency caused by the imbalance of assembly line is low, and the waste phenomenon is very serious. Under the guidance of lean production thought, how to continuously optimize assembly line, eliminate bottleneck, block and unequal waste phenomenon in assembly line, and make it reach the best balance is the focus of this paper. In this paper, the related theories, methods and research status of lean production and assembly line balance are analyzed and summarized, and the assembly line balance under lean production is deeply studied. Taking the 17 station of Wuzheng Group's agricultural vehicle cab assembly line as the research object, aiming at the realistic problem that the output can't meet the market demand at present, the IE technique of lean production is used to analyze and improve the assembly line. First, the present situation is investigated in detail, the assembly process flow chart is made, the working time of each station is measured by the time meter method, the "bottleneck" station is found out and the improvement scheme is worked out. Secondly, implement 6S management to the assembly workshop, improve the working environment and eliminate the waste outside the assembly line. Finally, the process analysis, two-hand operation analysis and action factor analysis of "bottleneck" station are emphasized. The MOD method is used to establish the standard operation time. The local improvement of assembly line is carried out by using lean improvement method, and the balance rate of assembly line is improved to a certain extent. It is proposed that the assembly line is the first kind of equilibrium problem, and that the traditional IE method can not be further optimized. Using the mathematical model method, the 0 / 1 programming model of the first kind of balance problem for cab assembly line is established and solved by programming. After solving the optimization with Lingo software, the beat of every station tends to be balanced, and the balance rate of assembly line is improved significantly. By using the method of combination of lean improvement and linear programming, this paper studies the improvement of Wuzheng Group's agricultural vehicle cab assembly line, improves the production efficiency and balance rate, and obtains remarkable effect. At the same time, it provides certain reference value to other agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.4;F273

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