黑龙江省扶持“三农”的财政政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 04:51

本文关键词： 黑龙江省 “三农” 财政扶持政策　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农,天下之大本也。黑龙江省作为农业大省,其农业、农村和农民问题的解决在东北振兴改革中处于极其重要的位置。黑龙江省农业现代化建设的成功与否,关系着农村居民安居乐业与否。农业兴,百业兴；农民富,国家富；农村稳,天下稳。“三农”这一基础的脆弱,不仅已经对黑龙江省扩大内需、繁荣市场、实现经济良性可持续发展形成了极大的制约,而且对社会的稳定和地区经济的发展带来了极大的负面影响。因此,我们应该看到“三农”问题的要害和关键,加深对其重要性和紧迫性的认识。解决好农村的发展和农村劳动力的转移问题,解决好农业产业结构调整和农民增收问题。鉴于此,从国内外扶持“三农”问题的财政政策的基础理论入手,概括当前我国“三农”的概念,财政扶持政策的定义、分类,提出财政农业投资理论、财政支持理论及规模经济理论等理论依据。通过阐述和分析黑龙江省“三农”问题的现状以及财政扶持政策的现状,分析其存在农村发展严重滞后、农业现代化进程缓慢、农民增收困难等问题,并就存在问题的成因进行了客观分析。同时构建农业补贴政策对农民收入的影响模型,采用一元线性回归分析对农业补贴政策对农民收入的影响进行实证分析。积极借鉴美国、日本、澳大利亚等国家扶持农村、农业、农民的财政政策的相关经验,总结出促进“三农”发展的的财政政策和措施。在此基础上提出促进黑龙江省扶持“三农”的财政政策,主要从对农村、农业、农民这三个方面提出适合黑龙江省的财政扶持政策。其中促进农村发展的具体措施包括加强农村基础设施建设、营造良好的农村文化氛围、优化农村公共服务建设等；提升农业现代化进程的具体措施包括加快构建农村金融体系、完善农业补贴政策的设施、促进农产品的品牌化经营、注重农业科技研究投入等；保障农民增收致富的具体措施包括培训新型职业农民、鼓励优秀人才参与农业创业、向第三产业转移就业等。
[Abstract]:As a big agricultural province, Heilongjiang Province's agricultural, rural and peasant problems are in an extremely important position in the northeast revitalization and reform. Heilongjiang Province's agricultural modernization is a success or not. It is related to whether rural residents live and work in peace and contentment. The peasants are rich, the country is rich; The fragile foundation of rural stability, world stability, agriculture, rural areas and farmers has not only restricted Heilongjiang's domestic demand, prosperity of the market, and the realization of sound and sustainable economic development. And the social stability and regional economic development has brought great negative impact. Therefore, we should see the "three rural" issues and the key. To deepen the understanding of its importance and urgency, to solve the development of rural areas and the transfer of rural labor, to solve the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and farmers' income. In view of this. Starting with the basic theory of fiscal policy of supporting agriculture, rural areas and farmers at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the concept of "three rural areas", the definition and classification of financial support policy, and puts forward the theory of financial agricultural investment. Financial support theory and economies of scale theory and other theoretical basis. Through the elaboration and analysis of the "three rural" problems in Heilongjiang Province, as well as the current situation of financial support policies, the existence of rural development is seriously lagging behind. The problems such as slow progress of agricultural modernization and difficulties in increasing farmers' income are analyzed objectively. At the same time, a model of the influence of agricultural subsidy policy on farmers' income is constructed. This paper uses linear regression analysis to analyze the impact of agricultural subsidy policy on farmers' income, and actively draws lessons from the relevant experiences of supporting rural, agricultural and farmers' fiscal policies in the United States, Japan, Australia and other countries. This paper summarizes the fiscal policies and measures to promote the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. On this basis, it puts forward the fiscal policies to promote the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in Heilongjiang Province, mainly from the perspective of rural areas and agriculture. These three aspects of farmers put forward a suitable financial support policy in Heilongjiang Province. Among them, the specific measures to promote rural development include strengthening rural infrastructure construction, creating a good cultural atmosphere in rural areas. Optimizing rural public service construction; The concrete measures to promote the process of agricultural modernization include speeding up the construction of rural financial system, perfecting the facilities of agricultural subsidy policy, promoting the brand management of agricultural products, paying attention to the investment in agricultural science and technology research, etc. The specific measures to ensure farmers' income and wealth include training new professional farmers, encouraging outstanding talents to participate in agricultural entrepreneurship, and transferring employment to the tertiary industry.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F812.8

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