我国财政分权对市场分割影响的实证分析

发布时间：2018-02-01 00:42

本文关键词： 财政分权市场分割相对价格法面板回归　出处：《广东外语外贸大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：市场分割是中国经济转型过程中出现的一种特殊现象，随着市场经济的发展和我国经济体制改革的不断深入，，市场分割呈现出一些新的特点：市场分割的范围从传统的产品市场向劳动力市场、资本市场蔓延，市场分割的隐蔽性越来越强，影响市场一体化的因素越来越复杂。零碎的国内市场严重阻碍了我国经济健康稳定的发展，降低了抵御经济危机的能力，同时也削弱了“中国制造”在国际市场上的竞争力。在当前经济全球化的国际背景和调整经济发展方式、优化产业结构的国内环境下，打破地方保护，整合国内市场，提高资源配置效率，加快市场一体化进程，形成合理的地区分工格局，促进区域经济的协调发展，对保持国民经济健康、持续发展具有重要的现实意义。二元制经济体制让市场分割在我国呈现了一定的特殊性，其中一个重要的表现就是三个主要的市场：产品市场、资本市场、劳动力市场分割的共存。面对三大市场分割同时存在的复杂局面，我们认为有必要对区域市场分割问题进行全新的、多角度的、深入的研究，是什么造成了三大市场分割，不同地区、不同市场分割有何差异，怎样从源头上避免这种负面影响？这都是急需探讨的问题。市场分割是地方政府运用手中的行政权力，从地方本位出发，运用行政手段围绕经济资源的争夺而展开的不正当竞争行为，这种现象的产生和我国特殊的财政体制安排密切相关，尤其是与我国财政分权体制紧密联系的。因此，有必要着重从财政分权角度对市场分割进行分析，以找到解决问题的根本。尽管现有文献关于财政分权对市场分割的影响在理论上已有大量研究，但对这一影响的实证检验仍然是学术热点，本文基于“冰川模型”利用相对价格法测量了全国378个省际对三大市场的分割程度，利用2001-2011年中国分省面板数据检验了我国财政分权度（包括支出分权度、收入分权度）、市场化指数、外商直接投资、外贸依存度、调整距离对市场分割度的影响，利用不同的财政分权指标分阶段、分市场、分区域着重分析财政分权度对区域市场分割的影响。结果显示，财政支出分权对市场分割具有明显的正向效应，相比之下，收入分权的作用不够显著；2008年金融危机之后，财政支出分权对市场分割的影响力度有小幅的增强，且都十分显著，收入分权的影响有所减弱；从细分市场来看，财政支出分权的效果都非常显著，收入分权则只对劳动力市场分割效果显著；从区位上分析，在东部地区，支出分权和收入分权的提高都会显著增强市场分割程度，而在中部地区都不显著，支出分权对西部地区市场分割有显著正向效应。
[Abstract]:Market segmentation is a special phenomenon in the process of China's economic transformation. With the development of market economy and the deepening of China's economic system reform. Market segmentation presents some new features: the scope of market segmentation from the traditional product market to the labor market, the capital market spread, the market segmentation is more and more hidden. The factors affecting market integration are becoming more and more complex. The fragmented domestic market seriously hinders the healthy and stable development of our economy and reduces the ability to resist the economic crisis. At the same time, it also weakens the competitiveness of "made in China" in the international market. In the current international background of economic globalization and adjustment of economic development mode, optimize the industrial structure of the domestic environment, break the local protection. Integrating the domestic market, improving the efficiency of resource allocation, speeding up the process of market integration, forming a reasonable regional division of labor pattern, promoting the coordinated development of regional economy, to maintain the health of the national economy. Sustainable development has important practical significance. The dualistic economic system makes the market segmentation in our country present certain particularity, one of the important performance is the three main markets: product market, capital market. The coexistence of labor market segmentation. Facing the complex situation of the three major market segmentation, we think it is necessary to carry out a new, multi-angle, in-depth research on the regional market segmentation. What caused the three major market segmentation, different regions, different market segmentation differences, how to avoid the source of this negative impact? These are all issues that need to be explored. Market segmentation is the unfair competition that the local government carries out around the competition of economic resources by using the administrative power in the hands, starting from the local standard and using administrative means. The emergence of this phenomenon is closely related to the special financial institutional arrangements in China, especially to the fiscal decentralization system in China. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the analysis of market segmentation from the perspective of fiscal decentralization. To find the root of the problem. Although there has been a lot of research on the influence of fiscal decentralization on market segmentation in the existing literature, the empirical test of this effect is still a hot academic topic. Based on the "glacier model", the relative price method is used to measure the segmentation of the three major markets among 378 provinces in China. The paper tests the degree of fiscal decentralization (including expenditure decentralization, income decentralization, marketization index, foreign direct investment and foreign trade dependence) by using the data of China's provincial panel from 2001 to 2011. The influence of adjustment distance on market segmentation is analyzed by using different fiscal decentralization indexes in different stages, and the effect of fiscal decentralization on regional market segmentation is analyzed. Fiscal expenditure decentralization has obvious positive effect on market segmentation, but the effect of income decentralization is not obvious. After the financial crisis in 2008, the influence of fiscal expenditure decentralization on market segmentation was strengthened slightly, and the influence of income decentralization was weakened. From the perspective of market segmentation, the effect of fiscal expenditure decentralization is very significant, while income decentralization only has significant effect on labor market segmentation. From the location analysis, in the eastern region, the increase of expenditure decentralization and income decentralization will significantly enhance the degree of market segmentation, but not in the central region, expenditure decentralization has a significant positive effect on the market segmentation in the western region.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.2;F123.9

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