民国时期合肥县教育财政研究（1912-1937）

发布时间：2018-03-03 06:56

本文选题：民国时期　切入点：合肥县　出处：《安徽大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：财政支出对于教育事业的发展至关重要,而地方教育经费投入的多少直接影响地方教育的延续与发展。本研究以民国时期合肥县地方教育财政为研究对象,运用历史学、教育财政学、教育经济学等多种学科理论,采取整体与个案、定量与定性相结合的方法,就民国时期合肥县的教育经费筹集管理制度、教育经费来源、教育经费配置及教育状况进行论述,同时试图探寻合肥县教育财政发展的趋势、及其意义与局限,以揭示民国时期合肥县教育财政的近代化历程。清末劝学所的设立标志着县级教育行政体制的萌芽,而县级教育行政体制的确立则意味着教育经费筹集管理具有了制度化的载体。由劝学所演化至教育局,教育行政的独立、统一和专业化趋势也为经费筹集管理制度奠定基础。民国时期合肥县的教育经费来源于学田租息、附加税、物捐税、学生学费、省款补助、捐资兴学,其中学田租息和教育附加税占主导。根据对合肥县教育经费来源的计量分析,探索出合肥县教育经费发展的特点,即继承与开发并重,在对传统教育资源充分利用的基础上,开拓了一些新的教育经费筹措渠道。合肥县的教育经费支出主要包括：学校教育、社会教育、教育行政及其他支出。在此期间,合肥县教育经费支出主要用于学校教育,其次是教育行政临时性岁出等。通过对教育经费配置的研究,可以明晰地探寻和把握合肥县这一时期地方财政作用于地方教育事业的力度。尽管有了初具雏形的现代教育财政的支持,由于受到驻军及频繁的自然灾害的重创,合肥县的学校教育水平仅处于安徽省各县教育发展的中等水平,这与合肥县的文风传统及合肥县作为安徽省的大县之一的地位不相适应。合肥县地方教育财政演化的过程反映了县地方教育财政发展的趋势,即不断科层化、社会化和基础教育化。合肥县教育财政发展的局限包括,各级各类教育的发展超出了当时经济发展的水平,教育经费的分散,一定程度上制约了合肥县基础教育的发展。合肥县教育财政的发展具有历史和现实意义,历史意义：在学制设置、课程设置、女性教育等方面推动了合肥县教育的近代化；现实意义：.在立法并严格执法、鼓励社会力量投资办学、充分发展经济并根据教育发展的规律开展教育等方面为现当代教育财政的发展提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:Fiscal expenditure is of great importance to the development of education, and the amount of local education expenditure directly affects the continuation and development of local education. This study takes Hefei County's local education finance in the period of the Republic of China as the object of study, using history. Based on the theories of educational finance, education economics and so on, this paper adopts the method of combining the whole and individual cases, quantitative and qualitative, to raise and manage the educational funds in Hefei County during the period of the Republic of China, as well as the sources of educational funds. This paper discusses the allocation of educational funds and the current situation of education, and attempts to explore the trend, significance and limitation of the development of educational finance in Hefei County, in order to reveal the modernization of educational finance in Hefei County during the period of the Republic of China. The establishment of the persuasive school in the late Qing Dynasty marked the germination of the county-level educational administrative system, and the establishment of the county-level educational administrative system meant that there was an institutionalized carrier for the management of educational funds. The unification and specialization trend also lays the foundation for the fund raising management system. In the period of the Republic of China, the educational funds of Hefei County came from the rent of study fields, the surtax, the tax on property, the tuition of students, the subsidy of provincial funds, and the donation of funds to build up the school. Based on the econometric analysis of the sources of educational funds in Hefei County, this paper explores the characteristics of the development of educational funds in Hefei County, that is, paying equal attention to inheritance and development, on the basis of making full use of traditional educational resources. Some new ways of raising funds for education have been opened up. The expenditure on education in Hefei County mainly includes: school education, social education, educational administration and other expenditure. During this period, the expenditure on education in Hefei County is mainly used for school education. Secondly, the temporary year out of educational administration. Through the research on the allocation of educational funds, It is possible to clearly explore and grasp the strength of the role of local finance in local education in Hefei County during this period. Despite the rudimentary support of modern education finance, it has been hit hard by the garrison and frequent natural disasters. The level of school education in Hefei County is only at the middle level of the development of education in every county in Anhui Province, which is incompatible with the tradition of literary style in Hefei County and the status of Hefei County as one of the big counties in Anhui Province. The evolution process of local education finance in Hefei county reflects the trend of local education finance development, that is, continuous stratification, socialization and basic education. The limitations of Hefei county education finance development include:. The development of all kinds of education at all levels exceeded the level of economic development at that time, and the dispersion of educational funds restricted the development of basic education in Hefei to a certain extent. The development of educational finance in Hefei has historical and practical significance. Historical significance: the modernization of Hefei county education has been promoted in the aspects of school system setting, curriculum setting, female education, and so on; the practical significance is:. In legislating and strictly enforcing the law, encouraging social forces to invest in running a school. Fully developing economy and carrying out education according to the law of educational development provide references for the development of modern and contemporary education finance.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.9

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