金融发展、财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 08:35

本文选题：金融发展 + 财政分权　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济快速增长,城乡居民收入持续增加。伴随着居民收入水平的提高,我国城乡收入的差距不断扩大,近年来基尼系数持续高于0.4警戒线。城乡收入差距扩大不仅加剧社会矛盾,且与当前全面建设小康社会的发展目标相背离,不利于我国经济社会的可持续发展。因此,缩小城乡收入差距尤为重要。近年来,金融发展与城乡收入差距问题广受关注,在此背景下本文探究了我国特色的财政分权体制下,金融发展对城乡收入差距的影响作用。本文通过梳理并分析金融发展对城乡收入差距以及财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响机制,建立了静态和动态面板数据模型,进一步实证检验金融发展及财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响。回归结果表明:就全国而言,在样本期间,财政分权扩大了城乡收入差距,但其变革下的金融发展对缩小城乡收入差距有显著影响;从区域异质性表现来看,东、西部地区财政分权导致城乡收入差距的扩大,但其财政分权体制变革下的金融发展显著地缩小了城乡收入差距;而中部地区则相反,财政分权缩小了城乡收入差距,财政分权体制变革下的金融发展扩大了城乡收入差距。同时,本文采用面板协整的方法检验金融发展、财政分权是否对城乡居民收入差距产生短期或长期影响。通过面板协整经验分析发现:短期内,财政分权和金融发展并不是影响城乡收入差距短期波动的主要因素;但长期来看,财政分权却显著缩小了城乡收入差距,且城乡收入差距受金融发展的影响逐步扩大。根据理论分析与实证研究结果,本文提出了相应的对策建议。一是应着力调整地方财政支出结构,改革财政体制让供给侧改革纲举目张;二是要努力破除城乡分割的制度壁垒,让金融发展的成果惠及农村;三是需进一步改善农村教育发展水平,增加农村居民的人力资本积累;四是应实施差别化的东、中、西部发展政策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's rapid economic growth, urban and rural residents' income continues to increase. With the improvement of residents' income level, the income gap between urban and rural areas in China is widening. In recent years, the Gini coefficient is higher than 0.4 warning line. The widening income gap between urban and rural areas not only intensifies social contradictions, but also deviates from the development goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of our country's economy and society. Therefore, narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas is particularly important. In recent years, the problem of financial development and urban-rural income gap has been paid more and more attention. Under this background, this paper probes into the influence of financial development on urban-rural income gap under the system of fiscal decentralization with Chinese characteristics. This paper analyzes the influence mechanism of financial development on urban-rural income gap and fiscal decentralization on urban-rural income gap, and establishes static and dynamic panel data model. Further empirical test of financial development and fiscal decentralization on the urban-rural income gap. The regression results show that: as far as the whole country is concerned, fiscal decentralization has widened the urban-rural income gap during the sample period, but the financial development under its transformation has a significant impact on narrowing the urban-rural income gap. Fiscal decentralization in the western region leads to the widening of the urban-rural income gap, but the financial development under the reform of the fiscal decentralization system has significantly reduced the urban-rural income gap, while in the central region, the fiscal decentralization has narrowed the urban-rural income gap. The financial development under the reform of fiscal decentralization system has widened the income gap between urban and rural areas. At the same time, this paper uses the panel cointegration method to test whether the financial development and fiscal decentralization have a short or long term impact on the income gap between urban and rural residents. Through panel co-integration analysis, we find that fiscal decentralization and financial development are not the main factors that affect the short-term fluctuation of urban-rural income gap in the short term, but in the long run, fiscal decentralization has significantly reduced the urban-rural income gap. And urban and rural income gap by the impact of financial development gradually expanded. According to the theoretical analysis and empirical research results, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. First, we should adjust the structure of local fiscal expenditure and reform the financial system so that the supply-side reform can be promoted; second, we should work hard to break down the system barriers of urban-rural division, so that the achievements of financial development can benefit the rural areas. Third, it is necessary to further improve the level of rural education development, increase the accumulation of human capital of rural residents, and fourth, implement the differential development policy of east, middle and west.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F124.7;F832;F812.2

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